0 Dipole Moment!

Chemistry Level 2

Which of the following structures will always have zero dipole moment? ( μ = 0 ) (\mu=0)

A B C D

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

3 solutions

Pranshu Gaba
Sep 27, 2016

We need to look at the structure of the substituents in order to find the dipole moment of each molecule. In cases A, B, C, the substituents of the benzene ring aren't linear, so we can have two geometric isomers in each case. For A, the two isomers are:

The right isomer has zero dipole moment since all dipole moments cancel out. However, the left isomer has some non-zero dipole moment, because the component of the dipole moment in -OH add up. Thus, it is possible for A, B, and C to have non-zero dipole moment

However, in D, the carbon atoms in the -CN group are sp hybridized, and are therefore linear.

Since D is symmetric, the dipole moments cancel out, and the net dipole moment of the molecule is zero.

Thanks for the solution!

Sahil Silare - 4 years, 8 months ago
Tapas Mazumdar
Sep 18, 2016

Out of the given four options only 1 , 4 d i c y a n o b e n z e n e 1,4 - dicyanobenzene doesn't exhibit t r a n s trans and c i s cis isomers. Therefore, it is the only aromatic compound that will always have μ = 0 \mu = 0 . The thing to note right here is that the substituents are the same and one of the substituent is in p a r a para position w.r.t. the other substituent. O r t h o Ortho and m e t a meta positions will never exhibit μ = 0 \mu = 0 (I highlighted the word 'always' because you have to mention that in your problem because the t r a n s trans isomers of the other three aromatic compounds will have μ = 0 \mu = 0 ).

@Tapas Mazumdar Mentioned it! Thanks for solution :)

Sahil Silare - 4 years, 9 months ago
Harry Jones
Dec 27, 2016

Only Carbon doesn't has any lone pair.So dipole moment is 0 in D option.

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...