1 T × 1 N \overline{1T} \times \overline{1N}

Logic Level 2

1 T × 1 N 2 T T \begin{array}{ccccc} & 1&T \\ \times & 1&N \\ \hline 2 & T & T \\ \hline \ \end{array}

In the cryptogram above, each letter represents a distinct non-negative integer.

How many solutions are there for N \overline{N} ?

0 2 3 1

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1 solution

Joseph Newton
Dec 17, 2017

If we write out the 10s and 100s columns in the cryptogram, it states that:

( 10 + T ) × ( 10 + N ) = 200 + 10 T + T (10+T)\times(10+N)=200+10T+T

where T T and N N are between 0 and 9. Now we can expand, simplify and factorise to get all the Ts and Ns together:

100 + 10 T + 10 N + T N = 200 + 11 T 100+10T+10N+TN=200+11T

T N T + 10 N 10 = 90 TN-T+10N-10=90

T ( N 1 ) + 10 ( N 1 ) = 90 T(N-1)+10(N-1)=90

( T + 10 ) ( N 1 ) = 90 (T+10)(N-1)=90

Now we know that T + 10 T+10 and N 1 N-1 are two integers which multiply to give 90. These are all the pairs of factors which multiply to give 90:

1 , 90 1,90

2 , 45 2,45

3 , 30 3,30

5 , 18 5,18

6 , 15 6,15

9 , 10 9,10

However, for a pair of factors to satisfy the cryptogram, one factor must equal T + 10 T+10 while the other must equal N 1 N-1 , and since T T lies between 0 and 9 a factor must therefore lie between 10 and 19. For instance, if we looked at the pair of factors ( 3 , 30 ) (3,30) , T T would have to equal either -7 or 20, neither of which would make sense in the cryptogram. An example of a pair that works is ( 5 , 18 ) (5,18) , as T T can equal 8 and N N can equal 6.

The only pairs containing a factor between 10 and 19 are:

5 , 18 5,18

6 , 15 6,15

So the answer is that there are only 2 possible solutions for N N .

We can check these; if we were to let N 1 N-1 equal the smaller number in the pair and T + 10 T+10 equal the larger number, we would get

N = 6 N=6 and T = 8 T=8 for the ( 5 , 18 ) (5,18) pair, so the cryptogram would be

18 × 16 = 288 18\times16=288 , or

N = 7 N=7 and T = 5 T=5 for the ( 6 , 15 ) (6,15) pair, so the cryptogram would be

15 × 17 = 255 15\times17=255

We can see that both of these solutions check out with the cryptogram in the question, and so there are 2 solutions.

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