How many natural numbers are multiples of 210 and had 210 divisors?
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A simpler presentation, albeit similar to yours, would be,
Prime factorization of 2 1 0 = 7 × 3 × 2 × 5
General form of the required numbers = 2 1 0 × 7 a × 3 b × 2 c × 5 d
with the powers ( a , b , c , d ) being permuted within the sequence { 5 , 1 , 0 , 3 } so that the theorem of number of divisors is obeyed properly. Since the elements of this set are distinct, we are left with 4 choices for the 4 powers. We can permute these choices for the powers in 4 ! = 2 4 ways.
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2 1 0 = 2 ∗ 3 ∗ 5 ∗ 7
The number of divisors d of a number N = p 1 α 1 ∗ p 2 α 2 ∗ . . . . . . . . ∗ p n − 1 α n − 1 ∗ p n α n is d = ( α 1 + 1 ) ∗ ( α 2 + 1 ) ∗ . . . . . . . . ∗ ( α n − 1 + 1 ) ∗ ( α n + 1 ) with p i prime factors
A number multiple of 2 1 0 is in the form 2 α ∗ 3 β ∗ 5 γ ∗ 7 δ ∗ k . In this case k = 1 because of the exponent 210 which has 4 divisors.
Now it's necessary that α = ( 2 − 1 ) or ( 3 − 1 ) or ( 5 − 1 ) or ( 7 − 1 ) ⇒ α = 1 or 2 or 4 or 6 . The same is for β , γ and δ .
In conclusion α has 4 possibilities, β has 3 possibilities, γ has 2 possibilities and δ has 1 possibility. Total numbers are 1 ∗ 2 ∗ 3 ∗ 4 = 2 4