If simple multiplication, TWO x TWO = THREE, where each letter stands for a different digit, find WHO. Note: Just as TWO is a three digit number, THREE is a 5-digit number.
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We are given that T W O 2 = T H R E E .
This tells us that T W O < 1 0 0 0 0 0 = 3 1 6 . 2 , therefore T is 1 , 2 or 3 , It is obvious that T = 1 because:
Therefore, T H R E E < 2 0 0 0 0 ⇒ T W O < 2 0 0 0 0 = 1 4 1 . 4
We also note that for the last digits O × O = 1 0 c 1 + E , where c 1 = 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 8 is the carried-forward value, O = 0 , 1 , 5 , 6 else O = E which is unacceptable.
Working out the possible cases as follows:
\[\begin{array} {} 124^2=15376\\ 127^2=16129\\ 128^2=16384\\ 129^2=16641\\ 132^2=17424\\ 134^2=17956\\ 137^2=18769\\ 138^2=19044\\ 139^2=19321 \end{array}\]
We note that there is only one solution: T W O = 1 3 8 and T H R E E = 1 9 0 4 4
⇒ W H O = 3 9 8