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In order for the above limit to equal unity as x → 0 , one must apply L'Hopital's Rule thrice in order for the numerator to be non-zero. Let f ( x ) = x 3 and g ( x ) = x + a ⋅ ( b x − sin x ) with third-derivatives equaling (via Wolfram-Alpha for brevity):
f ′ ′ ′ ( x ) = 6 ;
g ′ ′ ′ ( x ) = 8 ( x + a ) 2 5 3 ( b x − sin x ) − 4 ( x + a ) 2 3 3 ( b − cos x ) + 2 x + a 3 sin x + cos x x + a
which the limit computes to:
lim x → 0 g ′ ′ ′ ( x ) f ′ ′ ′ ( x ) = a − 4 a a 3 ( b − 1 ) 6 = 4 a 2 − 3 ( b − 1 ) 2 4 a a = 1
which occurs for a = 3 6 , b = 1 . Hence, a + b + 1 9 7 9 = 2 0 1 6 .