2015 and square root madness

Algebra Level 3

Let a , b , c , d , m , n a, b, c, d, m, n be positive integers. a , c , n a, c, n is the least possible. If 2015 a = b \sqrt{2015-a}=b a + c = d \sqrt{a+c}=d a + b + c + d + 1 = m n \sqrt{a + b + c + d + 1} = m\sqrt{n} Find m + n m + n


The answer is 18.

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1 solution

Jimmy PrevailLone
Oct 10, 2015

This question doesn't have any trick with equation system, you can just solve it one-by-one.

Since b b is an integer, 2015 a 2015-a must be a perfect square. The condition that a a is the least possible shows that 2015 a 2015-a is the maximum perfect square possible that is less than 2015 2015 . Since 4 4 2 = 1936 44^{2} = 1936 and 4 5 2 = 2025 45^{2} = 2025 , we now know that 2015 a 2015-a is the square of 44. 44. 2015 a = 4 4 2 2015 - a = 44^{2} 2015 a = 4 4 2 \sqrt{2015 - a} = \sqrt{44^{2}} 2015 a = 44 \sqrt{2015 - a} = 44 \cdots \star 2015 a = 1936 2015 - a = 1936 a = 2015 1936 a = 2015 - 1936 From above, we get a = 79 a = 79 and from \star , b = 44 b = 44

Using the almost similar trick to the second equation.

Since d d is an integer, a + c = 79 + c a+c=79+c must be a perfect square. The condition that c c is the least possible shows that 79 + c 79+c is the minimum perfect square possible that is more than 79 79 . Since 8 2 = 64 8^{2} = 64 and 9 2 = 81 9^{2} = 81 , we now know that 79 + c 79+c is the square of 9. 9. 79 + c = 9 2 79+c = 9^{2} 79 + c = 9 2 \sqrt{79+c} = \sqrt{9^{2}} 79 + c = 9 \sqrt{79+c} = 9 \cdots \star 79 + c = 81 79+c = 81 c = 81 79 c = 81-79 From above, we get c = 2 c = 2 and from \star , d = 9 d = 9

Now, to the last equation, a + b + c + d + 1 = m n \sqrt{a+b+c+d+1} = m\sqrt{n} Putting everything together we will get 79 + 44 + 2 + 9 + 1 = 135 = m n \sqrt{79 + 44 +2 + 9 + 1} = \sqrt{135} = m\sqrt{n} If n n is the least positive integer possible, then n n cannot have common primes. Using prime factorization to get 135 = 3 3 × 5 = 3 2 × 3 × 5 = 3 2 × 15 135 = 3^{3} \times 5 = 3^{2} \times 3 \times 5 = 3^{2} \times 15 135 = 3 2 × 15 = 3 15 \sqrt{135} = \sqrt{3^{2} \times 15} = 3\sqrt{15}

At last, m + n = 3 + 15 = 18 m + n = 3 + 15 = \boxed{18}

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