i = 0 ∑ 2 0 1 6 ( i 2 0 1 6 )
The expression above can be presented in the form x y , where x , y are positive integers. Among all such solutions, take the one with the smallest ∣ x − y ∣ , and enter your answer as x + y .
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Consider the equation ( 1 + x ) 2 0 1 6 = n = 0 ∑ 2 0 1 6 ( n 2 0 1 6 ) 1 2 0 1 6 − n x n
Substituting x = 1 gives 2 2 0 1 6 = n = 0 ∑ 2 0 1 6 ( n 2 0 1 6 )
What we require, however, is to make the base and exponents have the least differences possible. Since 2 0 1 6 = 8 × 2 5 2 and 2 8 = 2 5 6 we can put 2 2 0 1 6 to ( 2 8 ) 2 5 2 = 2 5 6 2 5 2 . Hence x + y = 2 5 6 + 2 5 2 = 5 0 8
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Clearly given is the expansion of ( 1 + 1 ) 2 0 1 6 i.e i = 0 ∑ 2 0 1 6 ( i 2 0 1 6 ) = ( 1 + 1 ) 2 0 1 6 and this is x y when |x-y| is least possible, this is the case when 2 2 0 1 6 = ( 2 8 ) 2 5 2 = 2 5 6 2 5 2 Hence 2 5 6 + 2 5 2 = 5 0 8