2 101 2^{101}

What is the last digit of 2 101 2^{101} ?


The answer is 2.

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2 solutions

Ram Mohith
Jun 5, 2018

Observe the following sequence :

2 1 = 2 2 2 = 4 2 3 = 8 2 4 = 1 6 2 5 = 3 2 2 6 = 6 4 \begin{aligned} 2^1 = \color{#D61F06}2 \\ 2^2 = \color{#3D99F6}4 \\ 2^3 = \color{#20A900}8 \\ 2^4 = 1\color{#EC7300}6 \\ 2^5 = 3\color{#D61F06}2 \\ 2^6 = 6\color{#3D99F6}4 \\ \end{aligned}

If you observe the end digits of every term follow the sequence 2 \color{#D61F06}2 , 4 \color{#3D99F6}4 , 8 \color{#20A900}8 , 6 \color{#EC7300}6 . So, the end digit of 2 n 2^n is 6 \color{#EC7300}6 if n n is a multiple of 4. So, the end digits of 2 n 2^n where n n is 4 , 8 , 12 , 16 , 20 , . . . . . 100 , 104 , . . . 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, ..... 100, 104, ... will be 6 \color{#EC7300}6 .

If the end digit of 2 100 2^{100} is 6 \color{#EC7300}6 then naturally the end digit of 2 101 2^{101} is 2 \color{#D61F06}2

Chew-Seong Cheong
Jun 19, 2018

2 101 2 4 × 25 + 1 (mod 10) 1 6 25 × 2 (mod 10) 6 25 × 2 (mod 10) Powers of 6 always end with 6. 12 2 (mod 10) \begin{aligned} 2^{101} & \equiv 2^{4\times 25+1} \text{ (mod 10)} \\ & \equiv 16^{25} \times 2 \text{ (mod 10)} \\ & \equiv {\color{#3D99F6}6}^{25} \times 2 \text{ (mod 10)} & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Powers of 6 always end with 6.} \\ & \equiv 12 \equiv \boxed{2} \text{ (mod 10)} \end{aligned}

Fantastic explanation

Sasi Mano - 2 years, 8 months ago

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