3 variable diophantine system

Given the positive integers a b c 100 a \le b \le c \le 100 satisfy the system of equations below.

{ a + b = c a 4 + b 2 = c 2 a 3 = b + c \begin{cases} {a+b=c} \\ {a^4+b^2=c^2} \\ {a^3=b+c} \\ \end{cases}

Find the sum of all possible values of a + b + c a+b+c .


The answer is 238.

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3 solutions

Vincent Huang
Feb 23, 2014

Solution: We see that since a 3 = b + c = a + b + b a^3 = b+ c = a + b + b (from equation 1) that a 3 = a + 2 b a^3 = a + 2b Also, we plug in a + b = c a+b = c into equation 2 to get a 4 = a 2 + 2 a b a^4 = a^2 + 2ab . This is equivalent to our previous equation, so in our system of equations one equation can be discarded as it is built off the others. So we discard a 4 + b 2 = c 2 a^4 + b^2 = c^2 Now with our remaining solutions and our positive integers restriction we can plug in a=2,3,4,5 to get (a,b,c)=(2,3,5)(3,12,15)(4,30,34)(5,60,65). If a=6 then we get (6,105, 111) which is greater than 1--. So then our answer is 2 + 3 + 5 + 3 + 12 + 15 + 4 + 30 + 34 + 5 + 60 + 65 = 238 2+3+5+3+12+15+4+30+34+5+60+65=238 .

Shouldn't a = b = c = 1 a=b=c=1 be included and thus the answer 241 241 ?

Shaun Loong - 7 years, 2 months ago

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If we plug in a = 1 a=1 , b = 1 b=1 , c = 1 c=1 in equation 1 then it will not satisfy as

a + b a + b = c c

1 + 1 1 + 1 = 1 1

2 2 = 1 1

which is not true.

Rhoy Omega - 7 years, 1 month ago

{ a + b = c . . . ( 1 ) a 4 + b 2 = c 2 . . . ( 2 ) a 3 = b + c . . . ( 3 ) \begin{cases} a + b = c & ...(1) \\ a^4 + b^2 = c^2 & ...(2) \\ a^3 = b + c & ...(3) \end{cases}

\(\begin{array} {} (1)+(2): & a^3 + a = 2c & \Rightarrow c = \frac{1}{2}(a^3+a) \\ (2)-(1): & a^3 - a = 2b & \Rightarrow b = \frac{1}{2}(a^3-a) \end{array} \)

Since c 100 1 2 ( a 3 + a ) 100 a 3 + a 200 a 5 c \le 100 \quad \Rightarrow \frac{1}{2}(a^3+a) \le 100 \quad \Rightarrow a^3+a \le 200 \quad \Rightarrow a \le 5 since 200 3 5.8 \sqrt[3]{200} \approx 5.8 . We note that b = 1 2 ( a 3 a ) b = \frac{1}{2}(a^3-a) . If a = 1 a = 1 , b = 0 b = 0 which is unacceptable. Therefore, a { 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 } a \in \{ 2,3,4,5\} . And we have:

\(\begin{array} {} a & + & b & + & c & & \\ 2& + & 3& + & 5& = & 10 \\ 3& + & 12& + & 15& = & 30 \\ 4& + & 30& + & 34& = & 68 \\ 5& + & 60& + & 65& = & 130 \end{array} \)

The sum of all possible values of a + b + c a+b+c is 10 + 30 + 68 + 130 = 238 10+30+68+130 = \boxed{238}

Hugh Chen
Mar 1, 2015

from #1: a =c - b

from #3: a^3 = c + b

b = 1/2 *a(a^2 - 1)

c = 1/2 * a(a^2 + 1)

a+b+c = a +a^3

for a = 2, b = 3, c = 5

for a = 3, b = 12, c = 15

for a = 4, b = 30, c = 34

for a = 5, b = 60, c = 65

for a = 6, b = 105, c = 111, this is rejected.

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