4 digits number

Let the unknown number be $N$ and the four digits be $a \le b \le c \le d$ . Then the smallest number is $\overline{abcd}$ and the greatest number is $\overline{dcba}$ .

$\begin{cases} N - \overline{abcd} = 4338 & ...(1) \\ \overline{dcba} - N = 3834 & ...(2) \end{cases}$

$\begin{aligned} (1)+(2): \overline{dcba} - \overline{abcd} & = 8172 \\ 999(d-a) + 90(c-b) & = 8172 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Divide both sides by }9 \\ 111(d-a) + 10(c-b) & = 908 \end{aligned}$

A solution to the above equation is $d-a=8$ and $c-b=2$ . Then the only solutions for $d$ and $a$ are $d=9$ and $a=1$ . Let $N=\overline{uvwx}$ . Then, from $(1)$ :

$\begin{aligned} \overline{uvwx} - \overline{1bc9} & = 4338 \\ \implies u - 1 & = 5 & \implies u = 5 \\ \implies 10+x - 9 & = 8 & \implies x = 7 \end{aligned}$

Since $c-b=2$ , $\implies c=b+2$ $\implies u=b = 5$ and $x=c=7$ . From $\overline{5vw7} - \overline{1579} = 4338$ $\implies v = d = 9$ , $w=a=1$ and $N = \boxed{5917}$ .