Determine the number of 8 - tuples such that belongs to { } and
Is a multiple of 3
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£ 1 + 2 £ 2 + 3 £ 3 + 4 £ 4 + 5 £ 5 + 6 £ 6 + 7 £ 7 + 8 £ 8
£ 1 + 2 £ 2 + 4 £ 4 + 5 £ 5 + 7 £ 7 + 8 £ 8 + 3 ( £ 3 + 2 £ 6 )
Add and Subtract £ 2 , £ 5 and £ 8
( £ 1 − £ 2 ) + ( £ 4 − £ 5 ) + ( £ 7 − £ 8 ) + 3 ( £ 2 + 2 £ 5 + 3 £ 8 ) + 3 ( £ 3 + 2 £ 6 )
Number of ways to choose £ 3 and £ 6 is 2 × 2 = 4
Number of ways to choose £ 1 , £ 2 , £ 4 , £ 5 , £ 7 and £ 8 noticing that £ i ∈ − 1 , 1 , are:
Case I:
( £ 1 − £ 2 ) = ( £ 4 − £ 5 ) = ( £ 7 − £ 8 ) = 0
Since there are 2 ways for each bracket to be 0 , the number of ways for choosing £ 1 , £ 2 , £ 4 , £ 5 , £ 7 and £ 8 are 2 × 2 × 2 = 8
Case II:
( £ 1 − £ 2 ) = ( £ 4 − £ 5 ) = ( £ 7 − £ 8 ) = 2
Since there is only 1 way for each bracket to be 0 , the number of ways for choosing £ 1 , £ 2 , £ 4 , £ 5 , £ 7 and £ 8 is 1 × 1 × 1 = 1
Case III:
( £ 1 − £ 2 ) = ( £ 4 − £ 5 ) = ( £ 7 − £ 8 ) = − 2
Since there is only 1 way for each bracket to be 0 , the number of ways for choosing £ 1 , £ 2 , £ 4 , £ 5 , £ 7 and £ 8 is 1 × 1 × 1 = 1
Case IV:
Any of the brackets be equal to 2 , − 2 , 0
As there are 3 ! ways to arrange these values in the brackets, and only one way to choose for 2 and − 2 as well as 2 ways to choose for 0
Hence, the number of ways for choosing £ 1 , £ 2 , £ 4 , £ 5 , £ 7 and £ 8 is 3 ! × 1 × 1 × 2 = 1 2
Therefore, the total number of 8 tuples £ 1 , £ 2 , … £ 8 are 4 × ( 8 + 1 + 1 + 1 2 ) = 8 8