What is the least possible value of the smallest of 99 consecutive positive integers whose sum is a perfect cube
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The sum of the first n consecutive positive integers is the n th triangle number
T n = 1 + 2 + 3 + … + n = 2 n ( n + 1 ) .
Thus, the sum of the 9 9 consecutive integers starting at n + 1 is given by
T n + 9 9 − T n = 2 ( n + 9 9 ) ( n + 1 0 0 ) − 2 n ( n + 1 ) = 2 n 2 + 1 9 9 n + 9 9 0 0 − 2 n 2 + n = 2 1 9 8 n + 9 9 0 0 = 9 9 n + 4 9 5 0 = 9 9 ( n + 5 0 ) = m 3
for some positive integer m . Since 9 9 = 3 2 ⋅ 1 1 , the smallest n that guarantees such an m must be of the form n = 3 ⋅ 1 1 2 ⋅ k 3 , for some k . Since we want the smallest such n , we can choose k = 1 . Thus, n = 3 ⋅ 1 1 2 = 3 1 3 , so the smallest integer in the sum is 3 1 4