999...9995

Algebra Level pending

A = 9999 9999 Number of 9’s = n 5 \large A = \underbrace{9999\cdots9999}_{\text{Number of 9's} = n}5

Number A A has n n 9 9 's followed by a 5 5 . How many nines and zeros are there in A 2 A^2 ?

n n nines ( n 1 ) (n-1) zeros n n nines and n + 1 n+1 zeros n + 1 n+1 nines and n 1 n-1 zeros n n nines and n n zeros

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Mar 25, 2020

The square of an odd multiple of 5 5 always have the form m 5 2 = p 25 \overline{m5}^2 = \overline{p25} , where p = m ( m + 1 ) p=m(m+1) . For example, 1 5 2 = 2 25 , 2 5 2 = 6 25 , 3 5 2 = 12 25 , \blue 15^2 = \red 225, \blue 25^2 = \red 625, \blue 35^2 = \red {12}25, \cdots , where 1 × 2 = 2 , 2 × 3 = 6 , 3 × 4 = 12 , \blue 1 \times 2 = \red 2, \blue 2\times 3 = \red 6, \blue 3\times 4 = \red {12}, \cdots . We can prove this as follows:

m 5 2 = ( 10 m + 5 ) 2 = 100 m 2 + 100 m + 25 = 100 m ( m + 1 ) + 25 = p 25 p = m ( m + 1 ) \begin{aligned} \overline{m5}^2 & = (10m + 5)^2 = 100m^2 + 100m + 25 = 100m(m+1) + 25 = \overline{p25} \\ \implies p & = m(m+1) \end{aligned}

For m = 999 9 n 9 s m = \underbrace{999\cdots9}_{n 9's} , p = 999 9 n 9 s × 1 0 n = 999 9 n 9 s 000 0 n 0 s p=\underbrace{999\cdots9}_{n 9's} \times 10^n = \underbrace{999\cdots9}_{n \ 9's}\underbrace{000\cdots0}_{n\ 0's} . That is n n nines and n n zeros .

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