A beautifully constructed inequality---IIT 2006

Algebra Level 4

a , b , c a,b,c are sides of a triangle A B C ABC such that the quadratic equation (in x x ), x 2 2 x ( a + b + c ) + 3 λ ( a b + b c + a c ) = 0 x^2- 2x(a+b+c) + 3\lambda (ab + bc + ac) = 0 has real roots.

If the supremum of λ \lambda is m n \dfrac mn , where m m and n n are coprime positive integers, submit your answer as m 2 + n 2 \sqrt{m^2+ n^2} .


The answer is 5.

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1 solution

Since the given quadratic equation has real roots b 2 4 a c 0 \Rightarrow b^{2}-4ac\geq 0 4 ( a + b + c ) 2 12 λ ( a b + b c + c a ) 0 \Rightarrow 4(a+b+c)^{2}-12\lambda (ab+bc+ca)\geq 0 4 [ ( a + b + c ) 2 3 λ ( a b + b c + c a ) ] 0 \Rightarrow 4[(a+b+c)^{2}-3\lambda (ab+bc+ca)]\geq 0 ( a + b + c ) 2 3 λ ( a b + b c + c a ) 0 \Rightarrow(a+b+c)^{2}-3\lambda (ab+bc+ca)\geq 0 λ ( a + b + c ) 2 3 ( a b + b c + c a ) \Rightarrow \lambda \leq \frac{(a+b+c)^{2}}{3(ab+bc+ca)} But we know that ,when a,b,c are sides of a triangle, a 2 + b 2 + c 2 2 ( a b + b c + c a ) a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2}\leq 2(ab+bc+ca) ( a + b + c ) 2 4 ( a b + b c + c a ) \Rightarrow (a+b+c)^{2}\leq 4(ab+bc+ca) Therefore, λ ( a + b + c ) 2 3 ( a b + b c + c a ) 4 ( a b + b c + c a ) 3 ( a b + b c + c a ) = 4 3 \lambda \leq \frac{(a+b+c)^{2}}{3(ab+bc+ca)}\leq \frac{4(ab+bc+ca)}{3(ab+bc+ca)}= \frac{4}{3} λ < 4 3 \Rightarrow \lambda < \frac{4}{3} m 2 + n 2 = 4 2 + 3 2 = 5 \Rightarrow \sqrt{m^{2}+n^{2}}=\sqrt{4^{2}+3^{2}}=5

correct solution !

A Former Brilliant Member - 4 years, 7 months ago

@Neel Khare I didn't understood the sum you gave about the area of triangles... What's R?

Md Zuhair - 4 years, 7 months ago

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i have edited it try it now

A Former Brilliant Member - 4 years, 7 months ago

Which problem are you talking about.

Aaron Jerry Ninan - 4 years, 7 months ago

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