A bit of Galois Theory

Algebra Level 4

Let Q [ x ] \mathbb Q[x] denote the set of polynomials with coefficients in Q \mathbb Q .

Say p ( x ) = k = 0 k = n λ k x k p(x) = \sum_{k=0}^{k=n} \lambda_k x^k , λ n 0 \lambda_n \neq 0 . We say the degree of p ( x ) p(x) , denoted by d e g ( p ) deg(p) , is n n .

We commonly say that a polynomial p ( x ) p(x) is irreducible in Q [ x ] \mathbb Q[x] , if :

( 1 ) p 0 (1) \qquad p \neq 0

( 2 ) d e g ( p ) > 0 (2) \qquad deg(p) >0

( 3 ) i f q , h Q [ x ] s u c h t h a t p ( x ) = q ( x ) h ( x ) , t h e n e i t h e r (3) \qquad if \ \exists q,h \in \mathbb Q[x] \ such \ that \ p(x)=q(x)h(x), then \ either

d e g ( q ) o r d e g ( h ) i s z e r o \ deg(q) \ or \ deg(h) \ is \ zero (that is, o n e o f h a n d g i s a c o n s t a n t \ one \ of \ \ h \ and \ g \ is \ a \ constant )

Now, consider : x 4 2 Q [ x ] x^4-2 \in \mathbb Q[x] . Is this polynomial irreducible in Q [ x ] \mathbb Q[x] ? If you think it is, let a = 1 a = -1 , else, let a = 1 a =1 . Same question for x 4 + 4 x^4+4 . If you think it is irreducible, take b = 0 b=0 , else b = 3 b=3 .

What is a + b a+b ?

2 4 -1 1

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