A bumpy ride

Geometry Level 4

True or False?

One can roll the ellipse x 2 2 + y 2 = 1 \frac{x^2}{2}+y^2=1 on the curve y = 2 + cos x y=-2+\cos x smoothly, without slipping, so that its position at some point will be ( x 2 π ) 2 2 + y 2 = 1 \frac{(x-2\pi)^2}{2}+y^2=1 .

Inspiration

True False Impossible to tell

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1 solution

Otto Bretscher
Nov 23, 2018

We cannot roll the ellipse on the cosine curve very far, not even down to the point ( π , 3 ) (\pi,-3) . The "valley" of the cosine graph is too narrow (or, the ellipse is too "wide"). Let's argue indirectly and assume we get that far. When the ellipse touches the cosine graph at ( π , 3 ) (\pi,-3) , its major axis will be horizontal, since we have rolled off half of the circumference of the ellipse (the circumference of the ellipse is equal to the arc length of the cosine graph between 0 and 2 π 2\pi ). The curvature of the ellipse at ( π , 3 ) (\pi,-3) will be 1 2 \frac{1}{2} . But the curvature of the cosine graph at that point is 1, a mismatch, showing that this scenario is impossible. Thus the claim is F a l s e \boxed{False} .

Great solution - I had the right idea until misreading "can" as "cannot" in the question :-/. It seems as though the ellipse will get "stuck" at a certain angle, then roll up to the next peak and end up with its major axis not horizontal. I wonder if the axes can be picked so that the ellipse rolls through exactly 90 degrees before getting stuck, then after rolling another 90 degrees is exactly on top of the next peak?

Chris Lewis - 2 years, 6 months ago

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