A calculus problem by Dexter Woo Teng Koon

Calculus Level 4

In the graph below, the region bounded by the curve y = x 3 x 4 y = x^3-x^4 and the x x -axis is divided into 2 equal areas by the line y = h . y = h. What is h ? h?


The answer is 0.0355857.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

1 solution

Guilherme Niedu
Sep 19, 2017

I honestly couldn't find an exact answer, so I did a numerical one:

We know that the whole area is:

A = 0 1 ( x 3 x 4 ) d x \large \displaystyle A = \int_0^1 (x^3 - x^4)dx

A = 1 20 \color{#20A900} \boxed{\large \displaystyle A = \frac{1}{20}}

If we call the intersection points of y = x 3 x 4 y = x^3 - x^4 with y = h y = h as a a and b b , the area of the curve above h h between a a and b b must be half of A A . Hence:

a b ( x 3 x 4 h ) d x = 1 40 \large \displaystyle \int_a^b (x^3 - x^4 - h) dx = \frac{1}{40}

( i ) 1 4 ( b 4 a 4 ) 1 5 ( b 5 a 5 ) h ( b a ) 1 40 = 0 \color{#20A900} (i) \ \boxed{ \large \displaystyle \frac{1}{4} (b^4 - a^4) - \frac{1}{5} (b^5 - a^5) - h(b-a) - \frac{1}{40} = 0 }

Also, since a a and b b are intersection points:

( i i ) a 3 a 4 h = 0 \color{#20A900} (ii) \ \boxed{ \large \displaystyle a^3 - a^4 - h = 0}

( i i i ) b 3 b 4 h = 0 \color{#20A900} (iii) \ \boxed{ \large \displaystyle b^3 - b^4 - h = 0}

Putting ( i ) (i) , ( i i ) (ii) and ( i i i ) (iii) in the Newton's method :

[ a k + 1 b k + 1 h k + 1 ] = [ a k b k h k ] [ a k 3 + a k 4 + h b k 3 b k 4 h a k b k 3 a k 2 4 a k 3 0 1 0 3 b k 2 4 b k 3 1 ] [ 1 4 ( b k 4 a k 4 ) 1 5 ( b k 5 a k 5 ) h k ( b k a k ) 1 40 a k 3 a k 4 h k b k 3 b k 4 h k ] \large \displaystyle \begin{bmatrix} a_{k+1} \\ b_{k+1} \\ h_{k+1} \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} a_{k} \\ b_{k} \\ h_{k} \end{bmatrix} - \begin{bmatrix} -a_k^3 + a_k^4 + h & b_k^3 - b_k^4 - h & a_k - b_k \\ 3a_k^2 - 4a_k^3 & 0 & -1 \\ 0 & 3b_k^2 - 4b_k^3 & - 1 \end{bmatrix} \cdot \begin{bmatrix} \frac{1}{4} (b_k^4 - a_k^4) - \frac{1}{5} (b_k^5 - a_k^5) - h_k(b_k-a_k) - \frac{1}{40} \\ a_k^3 - a_k^4 - h_k \\ b_k^3 - b_k^4 - h_k \end{bmatrix}

Beginning from a 0 = 0.3 a_0 = 0.3 , b 0 = 0.8 b_0 = 0.8 and h 0 = 0.05 h_0 = 0.05 , it quickly converges to:

[ a b h ] = [ 0.387256572 0.95974631 0.035585662 ] \color{#20A900} \boxed{ \large \displaystyle \begin{bmatrix} a \\ b \\ h \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} 0.387256572 \\ 0.95974631 \\ 0.035585662 \end{bmatrix} }

So:

h = 0.035585662 \color{#3D99F6} \boxed{ \large \displaystyle h = 0.035585662}

@Dexter Woo Teng Koon , is this the intended approach you have in mind? I was under the impression that this question can be solved without numerical methods.

Pi Han Goh - 3 years, 8 months ago

Log in to reply

Me too, I even tried to do some substitutions, but I couldn't. I'd be happy to see an exact solution.

Guilherme Niedu - 3 years, 8 months ago

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...