Let be a two times differentiable function. If , , and:
Then, find .
Notations: and denote the first and second derivatives of respectively.
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We divide both sides of the equation with f 3 ( x ) :
f 3 ( x ) f ( x ) f ′ ′ ( x ) − 2 ( f ′ ( x ) ) 2 = − e x
Now we multiply the numerator and the denominator of the first side with f ( x ) :
f 4 ( x ) f 2 ( x ) f ′ ′ ( x ) − 2 f ( x ) ( f ′ ( x ) ) 2 = − e x
The LHS is the derivative of f 2 ( x ) f ′ ( x ) and the RHS is the derivative of − e x . Therefor:
f 2 ( x ) f ′ ( x ) = − e x + c 1 , for some constant c 1
We substitute x = 0 and we find that c 1 = 0 . So:
f 2 ( x ) f ′ ( x ) = − e x
The LHS is the derivative of − f ( x ) 1 and the RHS is the derivative of − e x . Therefor:
− f ( x ) 1 = − e x + c 2 , for some constant c 2
We substitute x = 0 and we find that c 2 = − 1 . So:
f ( x ) 1 = e x + 1 ⇒
f ( x ) = e x + 1 1
and f ( l n 3 ) = e l n 3 + 1 1 = 4 1 = 0 . 2 5