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The set S ′ is just a square of side length 2 that's centered at the origin of the x y − plane and has vertices at ( − 1 , ± 1 ) ; ( 1 , ± 1 ) .
Taking the derivative of the governing nonlinear equation for the set S produces:
d x d ( 2 x y − 3 x 2 y = C ) ⇒ ( 2 y + 2 x y ′ ) − ( 6 x y + 3 x 2 y ′ ) = 0 ⇒ y ′ = x ( 2 − 3 x ) 2 y ( 3 x − 1 ) ;
which we require x = 0 , 3 1 , 3 2 AND y = 0 in order to satisfy y ′ > 0 . Upon examination of S ∩ S ′ , its total area is just the set of all points ( x , y ) contained within:
S 1 = ( x , y ) : x ∈ [ − 1 , 0 ) ; y ∈ ( 0 , 1 ] ⇒ AREA = ( 1 ) ( 1 ) = 1
S 2 = ( x , y ) : x ∈ ( 0 , 3 1 ) ; y ∈ [ − 1 , 0 ) ⇒ AREA = ( 3 1 ) ( 1 ) = 3 1
S 3 = ( x , y ) : x ∈ ( 3 1 , 3 2 ) ; y ∈ ( 0 , 1 ] ⇒ AREA = ( 3 1 ) ( 1 ) = 3 1
S 4 = ( x , y ) : x ∈ ( 3 2 , 1 ] ; y ∈ [ − 1 , 0 ) ⇒ AREA = ( 3 1 ) ( 1 ) = 3 1
or S 1 + S 2 + S 3 + S 4 = 1 + 3 ( 3 1 ) = 2 .