A classical mechanics problem by Tai Ching Kan

I have a uniform lamina of mass 2 m 2m in the shape of a regular hexagon, centre O O and vertices A B C D E F ABCDEF , clockwise in that order. I attach the following masses to the lamina: 2 m 2m at vertex C C , m m at the midpoint of E F EF , and 3 m 3m at the midpoint of O B OB .

When I hang the lamina at A A so that it can rotate freely, find the angle that A B AB makes with the downward vertical, giving your answer in degrees to 3 decimal places.


The answer is 45.295.

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1 solution

Tai Ching Kan
Oct 31, 2015

First, we have to find the centre of mass of the lamina with the added masses. Since the original hexagon is regular, its centre of mass is at O O .

Since changing the edge length of the hexagon does not change the angle we are after, we can define the hexagon to have edge lengths 1 which means that,

O A = O B = O C = O D = O E = O F = 1 OA=OB=OC=OD=OE=OF=1

We also define that O O has coordinates ( 0 , 0 ) (0,0) and that O A OA is in the direction of the positive y-axis.

We can now find the centre of mass of the lamina with the added masses.


Taking moments about the x-axis,

3 2 m + 0 × 2 m + 3 4 × 3 m + 3 2 × 2 m = ( m + 2 m + 3 m + 2 m ) x -\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}m+0\times2m+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4}\times3m+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\times2m=(m+2m+3m+2m)x where x x is the x-coordinate of the centre of mass.

m m 's cancel, and after simplication,

x = 5 32 3 x=\frac{5}{32}\sqrt{3}


Taking moments about the y-axis,

1 4 × 3 m + 0 × m + 0 × 2 m 1 2 × 2 m = ( 3 m + m + 2 m + 2 m ) y \frac{1}{4}\times3m+0\times m+0\times2m-\frac{1}{2}\times2m=(3m+m+2m+2m)y where y y is the y-coordinate of the centre of mass.

y = 1 32 y=-\frac{1}{32}

We therefore know that the coordinates of the centre of mass (which we shall call G) is: ( 5 32 3 , 1 32 ) (\frac{5}{32}\sqrt{3},-\frac{1}{32}) .


In order to find theta on the diagram,

tan θ = 5 32 3 1 + 1 32 \tan\theta=\frac{\frac{5}{32}\sqrt{3}}{1+\frac{1}{32}}

θ = 14.70 5 \theta=14.705^{\circ}

Hence, the required angle is 6 0 θ = 6 0 14.70 5 = 45.29 5 60^{\circ}-\theta=60^{\circ}-14.705^{\circ}=\boxed{45.295^{\circ}}

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