India's win

Karan tells truth with probability 1/3 and lies with probability 2/3. Independently, Arjun tells truth with probability 3/4 and lies with probability 1/4. Both watch a cricket match. Arjun tells you that India won, Karan tells you that India lost. What probability will you assign to India’s win?

5/6 2/3 3/4 6/7

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1 solution

Let W W be the event that India wins, (and W \overline{W} be the event that it loses), and A A be the event that Arjun says that India has won and Karan says that India has lost. Then, assuming that the match can't end in a tie,

P ( W A ) = P ( W A ) P ( A ) = P ( W A ) P ( W A ) + P ( W A ) . P(W | A) = \dfrac{P(W \cap A)}{P(A)} = \dfrac{P(W \cap A)}{P(W \cap A) + P(\overline{W} \cap A)}.

Now P ( W A ) P(W \cap A) is the probability that Arjun is telling the truth and Karan is lying, which comes out to 3 4 2 3 = 1 2 . \dfrac{3}{4} * \dfrac{2}{3} = \dfrac{1}{2}.

Next, P ( W A ) P(\overline{W} \cap A) is the probability that Arjun is lying and Karan is telling the truth, which comes out to 1 4 1 3 = 1 12 . \dfrac{1}{4} * \dfrac{1}{3} = \dfrac{1}{12}.

Thus P ( W A ) = 1 2 1 2 + 1 12 = 6 12 7 12 = 6 7 . P(W | A) = \dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}}{\dfrac{1}{2} + \dfrac{1}{12}} = \dfrac{\dfrac{6}{12}}{\dfrac{7}{12}} = \boxed{\dfrac{6}{7}}.

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