A Controversial Question :P

Calculus Level 4

Tangent to the circle x 2 + y 2 = 4 x^{2}+y^{2}=4 at any point on it in the first quadrant makes an intercepts O B OB and O A OA on the x x and y y axes respectively , O O being the centre of the circle.

Find the minimum value of O A OA + O B OB .

Since the answer is of the form a b a\sqrt{b} , report the answer as a + b a+b .


The answer is 6.

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2 solutions

Deepanshu Gupta
Mar 28, 2015

Why It is controversial Question ?

I'm sure you must have heard the furore caused by the current CBSE Maths paper . This was one of those questions which a lot of students got wrong for which CBSE is giving grace marks !

As far as I know only me ,Pranjal ,Vraj and Ronak have got that controversial paper .

A Former Brilliant Member - 6 years, 2 months ago

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@Azhaghu Roopesh M - I've got it too..!!

Mahimn Bhatt - 6 years, 2 months ago

Oral problem I guess

Krishna Sharma - 6 years, 2 months ago

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absolutely .... Symmetry always rocks

Deepanshu Gupta - 6 years, 2 months ago

Let m m be the slope at any point of the circunference:

m = d y d x = d / d x d / d y = 2 x 2 y = x y m=\dfrac{dy}{dx}=-\dfrac{d/dx}{d/dy}=-\dfrac{2x}{2y}=-\dfrac{x}{y}

Now, let the point of tangency be P = ( a , b ) P=(a,b) , and let O B = x , 0 ) OB=x,0) and O A = ( 0 , y ) OA=(0,y) . Then we have a 2 + b 2 = 4 a^2+b^2=4 , and let's find the equation of the line passing through P P with slope m m :

y b = m ( x a ) y b = a b ( x a ) a x + b y = a 2 + b 2 a x + b y = 4 y-b=m(x-a) \implies y-b=-\dfrac{a}{b}(x-a) \implies ax+by=a^2+b^2 \\ ax+by=4

Now, find O B OB :

y = 0 a x = 4 x = 4 a O B = ( 4 a , 0 ) y=0 \implies ax=4 \implies x=\dfrac{4}{a} \implies OB=\left(\dfrac{4}{a},0\right)

And find O A OA :

x = 0 b y = 4 y = 4 b O A = ( 0 , 4 b ) x=0 \implies by=4 \implies y=\dfrac{4}{b} \implies OA=\left(0,\dfrac{4}{b}\right)

So, O A + O B = 4 a + 4 b OA+OB=\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b} . Finally, using the QM-HM inequality we have:

a 2 + b 2 2 2 1 a + 1 b 2 2 1 a + 1 b 1 a + 1 b 2 4 a + 4 b 4 2 O A + O B 4 2 \sqrt{\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}} \geq \dfrac{2}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}} \\ \sqrt{2} \geq \dfrac{2}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}} \\ \dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b} \geq \sqrt{2} \\ \dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}\geq 4\sqrt{2} \\ OA+OB \geq \boxed{4\sqrt{2}}

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