A Cute Parallelogram

Geometry Level 4

A B C D ABCD is a parallelogram with side lengths A B = 15 , B C = 10 AB=15, BC=10 and A D C = 7 5 \angle ADC = 75^\circ . A point P P in the interior of the parallelogram is chosen such that A P D + C P B = 18 0 \angle APD + \angle CPB = 180^\circ . What is the measure (in degrees) of P A D + P C B \angle PAD + \angle PCB ?


The answer is 105.

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2 solutions

Lars McGee
May 20, 2014

Translate A P D \triangle APD by adding A B \vec{AB} to get B P C A P D \triangle BP'C \cong \triangle APD such that P P A B PP' \parallel AB .
Let E E be the intersection of P P PP' and B C BC .
Then m C P B + m B P C = m C P B + m A P D = 18 0 m\angle CPB + m\angle BP'C = m\angle CPB + m\angle APD = 180^\circ , so B P C P BP'CP is cyclic.
This implies
m P A D + m P C B = m P B C + m P P B m\angle PAD + m\angle PCB = m\angle P'BC + m\angle PP'B ( B P C P BP'CP cyclic)
= 18 0 m P E B = 180^\circ - m\angle P'EB (angles of a triangle sum to 18 0 180^\circ )
= 18 0 m A D C = 180^\circ - m\angle ADC ( P P A B C D PP' \parallel AB \parallel CD )
= 18 0 7 5 = 10 5 = 180^\circ - 75^\circ = \boxed{105^\circ} .


Why will such a point P P exist? Can you explain how, given any parallelogram, you can always find such a point P P ?

Calvin Lin Staff - 7 years ago
Calvin Lin Staff
May 13, 2014

Let P P' be the translation of point P P by A B \vec{AB} . Since A P D APD gets translated to B P C BP'C , we have that B P C + C P B = 18 0 \angle BP'C + \angle CPB = 180^\circ , which shows that these 4 points are concyclic. Let P P PP' intersect B C BC at X X . Hence, D A P + B C P = C B P + B C P = C P P + B C P = 18 0 P X C \angle DAP + \angle BCP = \angle CBP' + \angle BCP = \angle CPP' + \angle BCP = 180^\circ - \angle PXC . Since P P PP' is parallel to D C DC , P X C = 18 0 X C D = C D A \angle PXC = 180^\circ - \angle XCD = \angle CDA , so D A P + B C P = 18 0 7 5 = 10 5 \angle DAP + \angle BCP = 180^\circ - 75 ^ \circ = 105 ^\circ .

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