A charged particle is moving away from a uniformly charged infinite wire along a direction perpendicular to it. Initially, the particle is at a distance from the wire moving with a velocity . When it is at a distance , its velocity is found to be . What will be the velocity of the particle when it is at a distance from the wire ?
Hint: Assume the uniform charge density of the infinitely long wire to be and the charge on the charged particle to be .
Source: IISER model question paper
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Relevant wiki: Using Gauss' law to find E-field and capacitance
Electric field due to an infinitely charged wire at a distance x from it measured perpendicular to it :
E = 2 π ϵ 0 x λ ( Refer to the wiki )
Total force on the particle due to the charged wire :
F = 2 π ϵ 0 x q λ ⇒ m a = 2 π ϵ 0 x q λ ⇒ m v . d x d v = 2 π ϵ 0 x q λ ⇒ m v . d v = 2 π ϵ 0 x q λ . d x ⇒ m ∫ u 2 u v d v = 2 π ϵ 0 q λ ∫ L 2 L x d x m [ 2 3 u 2 ] = 2 π ϵ 0 q λ ⋅ [ ln 2 ] ( a is the acceleration of the particle and a = v . d x d v ) ⋯ ( 1 ) ⋯ ( 2 )
Using equation ( 1 ) we can have :
m ∫ u v f v d v = 2 π ϵ 0 q λ ∫ L 4 L x d x ⇒ m [ 2 v f 2 − u 2 ] = 2 π ϵ 0 q λ ⋅ [ ln 4 ] ⋯ ( 3 )
Now using equation ( 2 ) and ( 3 ) we get the value of v f as follows :
Divide equation ( 3 ) by equation ( 2 ) to get :
3 u 2 v f 2 − 3 1 = 2 ⇒ v f = u 7