A Described Quandary of an Inscribed Quadrilateral

Geometry Level 5

If A B C D ABCD is an inscribed quadrilateral in a circle such that A B AB and C D CD extend to meet at E E , A D AD and B C BC extend to meet at F F , A B < C D AB < CD , A D < B C AD < BC , E = F \angle E = \angle F , A B = 7 AB = 7 , the perimeter of A B F \triangle ABF is 28 28 , and the perimeter of A D E \triangle ADE is 12 12 , then find the area of A B C D ABCD .


The answer is 48.

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3 solutions

David Vreken
Feb 14, 2020

Since it is given that E = F \angle E = \angle F , and D A E = B A F \angle DAE = \angle BAF by vertical angles, A B F A D E \triangle ABF \sim \triangle ADE by AA similarity.

Since A D C + A B C = 180 ° \angle ADC + \angle ABC = 180° as opposite angles in an inscribed quadrilateral and A B F + A B C = 180 ° \angle ABF + \angle ABC = 180° as a straight line, A D C = A B F \angle ADC = \angle ABF , and since F = F \angle F = \angle F by the reflexive property, A B F C D F \triangle ABF \sim \triangle CDF by AA similarity. Likewise, A E D C B E \triangle AED \sim \triangle CBE . Therefore, all four triangles A B F \triangle ABF , A D E \triangle ADE , C D F \triangle CDF , and C B E \triangle CBE are similar to each other.

Since A B F + A B C = 180 ° \angle ABF + \angle ABC = 180° from a straight line and A B F = A B C \angle ABF = \angle ABC from similar triangles, A B F = A B C = 90 ° \angle ABF = \angle ABC = 90° . By a similar argument, C D F = A D E = 90 ° \angle CDF = \angle ADE = 90° .

Since the ratio of the perimeters equal the ratio of the sides in similar triangles, P A D E P A B F = A D A B \frac{P_{\triangle ADE}}{P_{\triangle ABF}} = \frac{AD}{AB} , or 12 28 = A D 7 \frac{12}{28} = \frac{AD}{7} , which solves to A D = 3 AD = 3 .

By Pythagorean's Theorem on A D E \triangle ADE , 3 2 + D E 2 = A E 2 3^2 + DE^2 = AE^2 , and by the perimeter of A D E \triangle ADE , 3 + D E + A E = 12 3 + DE + AE = 12 , and these two equations solve to D E = 4 DE = 4 and A E = 5 AE = 5 . The area of A D E \triangle ADE is then A A D E = 1 2 A D D E = 1 2 3 4 = 6 A_{\triangle ADE} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot AD \cdot DE = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 3 \cdot 4 = 6 .

The scale factor k k of similar triangles C B E \triangle CBE to A D E \triangle ADE is k = B E D E = 5 + 7 4 = 3 k = \frac{BE}{DE} = \frac{5 + 7}{4} = 3 , so the area of C B E \triangle CBE is A C B E = k 2 A A D E = 3 2 6 = 54 A_{\triangle CBE} = k^2 \cdot A_{\triangle ADE} = 3^2 \cdot 6 = 54 .

Therefore, the area of quadrilateral A B C D ABCD is A A B C D = A C B E A A D E = 54 6 = 48 A_{ABCD} = A_{\triangle CBE} - A_{\triangle ADE} = 54 - 6 = \boxed{48} .

If I made the triangle ABF to be the largest one, I get 23.04. How do I know where do the alphabets go on that quadrilateral?

Saya Suka - 1 year, 3 months ago

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Good point! I edited the question to include A B < C D AB < CD and A D < B C AD < BC .

David Vreken - 1 year, 3 months ago
Michael Mendrin
Feb 12, 2020

Let ( D A , A B , B C , C D ) = ( a , b , c , d ) (DA, AB, BC, CD) = (a, b, c, d) . Then

A F = b a b + c d d 2 b 2 AF = b \dfrac{ab+cd}{d^2-b^2}

B F = b c b + a d d 2 b 2 BF = b \dfrac{cb+ad}{d^2-b^2}

A E = a d a + b c c 2 a 2 AE = a \dfrac{da+bc}{c ^2-a^2}

D E = a b a + d c c 2 a 2 DE = a \dfrac{ba+dc}{c^2-a^2}

We have

b = 7 b = 7
a A F = b D E a AF = b DE
b + A F + B F = 28 b + AF + BF = 28
a + A E + D E = 12 a + AE + DE = 12


Solve for a , b , c , d a, b, c, d to get

( a , b , c , d ) = ( 3 , 7 , 9 , 11 ) (a,b,c,d) =(3,7,9,11)

Letting s = 1 2 ( a + b + c + d ) s = \dfrac{1}{2}(a+b+c+d) , we find the area

A = ( s a ) ( s b ) ( s c ) ( s d ) = 48 A = \sqrt{(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)(s-d)} = 48

Vinod Kumar
Apr 14, 2020

Use chord theorem and similarity of two triangles to solve for remaining two sides of quadrilateral. The side d=7(12/28)=3, as two triangles are similar.

The first integer area solution for quadrilateral was for sides 7,9,11,3.

There are general solutions, 7, b>0, (2/3)b+5 and 3. The solution for all integer sides including two triangles is for b=27, but area is ~114.2.

Answer=48

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