In △ A B C , ∠ A = 9 0 ∘ , A B = A C , and points D and E are on B C such that ∠ D A E = 4 5 ∘ .
If B D = 2 0 and E C = 2 1 , then find the area of △ A B C .
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A B = A C = x so E D = 2 x − 4 1 and the area sought will be 2 x 2
By the law of cosines on each of the outer triangles
A D 2 = x 2 − 2 0 2 x + 4 0 0 and A E 2 = x 2 − 2 1 2 x + 4 4 1
Which allows the law of cosines on the inner triangle
E D 2 = A D 2 + A E 2 − 2 A D ⋅ A E cos 4 5
( 2 x − 4 1 ) 2 = x 2 − 2 0 2 x + 4 0 0 + x 2 − 2 1 2 x + 4 4 1 − 2 x 2 − 2 0 2 x + 4 0 0 x 2 − 2 1 2 x + 4 4 1 cos 4 5 simplifies to
x 4 − 4 1 2 x 3 + 1 7 2 2 0 2 x − 1 7 6 4 0 0 = 0
( x 2 − 4 1 2 x + 4 2 0 ) ( x 2 − 4 2 0 ) = 0
x = 6 2 or x = 3 5 2 or x = 2 1 0 5 or x = − 2 1 0 5
Since E D > 0 , x > 2 4 1 and the only solution that fits is x = 3 5 2 meaning the area is 3 5 2 = 1 2 2 5
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Hint: Fold the triangle(the creases are A D and A E ) so B and C meets at a point F . You will discover that △ D E F is a right triangle, so D E = 2 0 2 + 2 1 2 = 2 9