A geometry problem by Chung Kevin

Geometry Level 1

A B C ABC is a right triangle with A C B = 9 0 \angle ACB=90^\circ . M M is the midpoint of A B , AB, and D D is a point such that M C = M D MC = MD with points C C and D D lying on opposite sides of A B , AB, as shown in the diagram.

If D A B = 4 0 \angle DAB = 40 ^ \circ , what is D C A \angle DCA ?

3 0 30 ^ \circ 4 0 40 ^ \circ 4 5 45 ^ \circ 5 0 50 ^ \circ 6 0 60 ^ \circ

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5 solutions

As M M is the midpoint of A B AB , we have that A M = B M = M C = M D |AM| = |BM| = |MC| = |MD| . So M M is the center of a circle on which A , B , C A, B, C and D D lie. Then as both D A B \angle DAB and D C B \angle DCB are subtended by the same chord D B DB , we have that D C B = D A B = 4 0 \angle DCB = \angle DAB = 40^{\circ} .

Finally, as Δ A B C \Delta ABC is right-angled at C C we see that D C A = 9 0 D C B = 5 0 \angle DCA = 90^{\circ} - \angle DCB = \boxed{50^{\circ}} .

I tried to hide the fact that M is the circumcenter of the cyclic quad :)

Seems like most people missed it, because it wasn't clearly presented that way.

Chung Kevin - 4 years, 4 months ago

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Yes, that fact was well-disguised. This is the type of problem where the answer seems so obvious a f t e r after you have solved it, but takes a while to get to that point. I noticed that A C B D ACBD was cyclic fairly quickly, but then for some reason it took me some time before I noticed that D A B = D C B \angle DAB = \angle DCB . I think the blue lines were distracting my eyes from this fact. So I ended up chasing angles for a while before I first came up with the 5 0 50^{\circ} answer in a roundabout way.

Brian Charlesworth - 4 years, 4 months ago

how is |AM|=|BM|=|MC|=|MD| , i could not this point ?

Syed Hissaan - 4 years, 4 months ago

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Because ABC is a right triangle, we know that the circumcenter of ABC coincides with the midpoint of AB (which is M).

Then, we are given that M C = M D MC = MD , so M M is the circumcenter of these 4 points.

Chung Kevin - 4 years, 4 months ago

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i got that ,Thank You ;

Syed Hissaan - 4 years, 4 months ago

it was never mentioned why AM=CM ...

Ananya Aaniya - 4 years, 1 month ago

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ohk.. got it..

Ananya Aaniya - 4 years, 1 month ago
Ramez Mikhael
Mar 22, 2017

if you imagine that this shape is a shape with two headed arrows D and B. When it is folded the line AC is created. This means that angle DAB=Angle DCB= 40 so angle DCA= 90-40=50.

That is a good intuition, and it turns out to be true. However, you still have to explain why we get such a symmetric figure.

Chung Kevin - 4 years, 1 month ago
Amed Lolo
Mar 13, 2017

Put am=MB=L, CB=N and Cm=y. cos (b)=(N÷(2.L))={N^2+L^2-y^2}÷{2.N.L}. so L^2=y^2 so L=y ,,,,,,@∆ AMD , am=MD so. Angle (M D A) =40° and <AMD =100°. @∆ MCA cm=ma ,put Angle Mac=MCA=t and <CMA=u so U=180-2.t ,so Angle CMD=100+180-2.t=280-2.t ,,@∆ CMD Angle MCD= MDC =(180-(280-2.t))÷(2)=t-50°. so required Angle (ACD)=k=t-(t-50)=t-t+50 so k=50°########

As A B C \bigtriangleup ABC is right triangle, we have M A M B M C M D \overline{MA} \cong \overline{MB} \cong \overline{MC} \cong \overline{MD} , therefore quadrilateral A B D C ABDC is cyclic, hence A D B = 9 0 \angle ADB=90^{\circ} and D C A = A B D = 5 0 \angle DCA = \angle ABD = 50^{\circ}

Bert Algood
May 11, 2017

Know AM = MB = MC = MD. Triangles CDM, CMB, AMD, and CMA are all isosceles.
Angles ADC + ACD + CAD = 180.
Angle ADC = 40 - CDM. Angle ACD = ACM - DCM. Angle CAD = CAM + 40. Substitute into second line. (40 - CDM) + (ACM - DCM) + (CAM + 40) = 180. 80 - CDM - DCM + ACM + CAM = 180. Since CDM = DCM and CAM = ACM, 2(ACM) - 2(DCM) = 100.
2(ACM - DCM) = 100. ACM - DCM = 50.


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