A geometry problem by Chung Kevin

Geometry Level 1

In a unit square, two quarter circles are drawn, centered at two opposite vertices.

What is the area of the oval-shaped region?

2 π 2 2 - \frac{ \pi }{ 2} π 2 1 \frac{ \pi } { 2} - 1 π 3 \pi - 3 π 2 \pi - 2

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11 solutions

Method 1:

let A A be the area of the oval-shaped region, x x be the area of the quarter circle (yellow region) and y y be the area of the white region

then,

x = 1 4 ( π ) ( 1 2 ) = π 4 x=\dfrac{1}{4}(\pi)(1^2)=\dfrac{\pi}{4}

it follows that,

y = 1 2 π 4 = 4 π 4 y=1^2-\dfrac{\pi}{4}=\dfrac{4-\pi}{4}

Finally,

A = 1 2 2 ( y ) = 1 2 ( 4 π 4 ) = 1 ( 4 π 2 ) = 1 2 + π 2 = 1 + π 2 = A=1^2-2(y)=1-2(\dfrac{4-\pi}{4})=1-(\dfrac{4-\pi}{2})=1-2+\dfrac{\pi}{2}=-1+\dfrac{\pi}{2}= π 2 1 \color{#3D99F6}\boxed{\dfrac{\pi}{2}-1} answer \boxed{\text{answer}}

Method 2:

let A A be the area of the oval-shaped region, x x be the area of the quarter circle (yellow region) and y y be the area of the white region

then,

x = 1 4 ( π ) ( 1 2 ) = π 4 x=\dfrac{1}{4}(\pi)(1^2)=\dfrac{\pi}{4}

it follows that,

y = 1 2 π 4 = 4 π 4 y=1^2-\dfrac{\pi}{4}=\dfrac{4-\pi}{4}

Finally,

A = x y A=x-y

A = π 4 4 π 4 A=\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\dfrac{4-\pi}{4}

A = π ( 4 π ) 4 A=\dfrac{\pi-(4-\pi)}{4}

A = π 4 + π 4 A=\dfrac{\pi-4+\pi}{4}

A = 2 π 4 4 A=\dfrac{2\pi-4}{4}

A = 2 π 4 4 4 A=\dfrac{2\pi}{4}-\dfrac{4}{4}

A = A= π 2 1 \color{#3D99F6}\boxed{\dfrac{\pi}{2}-1} answer \boxed{\text{answer}}

Method 3:

let A A be the area of the oval-shaped region, x x be the area of the quarter circle (yellow region) and z z be the area of the triangle (green region)

then,

x = 1 4 ( π ) ( 1 2 ) = π 4 x=\dfrac{1}{4}(\pi)(1^2)=\dfrac{\pi}{4}

it follows that,

z = 1 2 ( 1 ) ( 1 ) = 1 2 z=\dfrac{1}{2}(1)(1)=\dfrac{1}{2}

then,

A 2 = x z \dfrac{A}{2}=x-z

A 2 = π 4 1 2 \dfrac{A}{2}=\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2}

Finally,

A = 2 ( A 2 ) = 2 ( π 4 1 2 ) = A=2(\dfrac{A}{2})=2(\dfrac{\pi}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2})= π 2 1 \color{#3D99F6}\boxed{\dfrac{\pi}{2}-1} answer \boxed{\text{answer}}

Most efficient way to do.

Kamaljot Singh - 4 years, 1 month ago

Yep, the trick here is to see that we just need to subtract the unshaded area which is simple to calculate using symmetry.

Agnishom Chattopadhyay - 4 years, 1 month ago

Ah, good use of the principle of inclusion and exclusion to find the area.

Pranshu Gaba - 4 years, 1 month ago

Yes Thanks,I learned a NEw principles.

Mardian del Rosario - 4 years, 1 month ago
Marta Reece
Apr 10, 2017

Two quarter circles cover the whole area once and overlap in the blue area covering it twice.

An area of two quarter circles minus an area of a square = area of half a circle minus a square = π 2 1 \frac{\pi}{2}-1 .

Elegant approach! It reminds me of the principle of inclusion and exclusion .

Pranshu Gaba - 4 years, 1 month ago
Mick Martucci
Apr 24, 2017

the area of the quarter circle is π/4 minus 1/2 the area of the square will give us half the blue area so π/4 - 1/2. the blue area is twice that or π/2 - 1

I was not as elegant in finding the solution, but I found it anyway. If you draw the a 1" radius circle inside a 2" square box, it's easy to find "0.570" as the solution.

Tim Golla - 4 years, 1 month ago
Venkatachalam J
May 2, 2017

Clearly the most elegant of the solutions.

James Walker - 4 years, 1 month ago
Kevin Walsh
May 3, 2017

You could just eyeball it. Option 1 is 2 - 1.57, so .43, Option 2 is .14. Option 3 is 1.57-1, or .57, and Option 4 is a number larger than 1. Since the area is 1 and the blue area is clearly about half, you can eliminate options 2 and 4. Then the question is is it closer to 60% blue or 40% blue. It is closer to 60%, so option 3.

I do not have such accurate eyeball skills. Moreover, most of the geometry problems don't have a properly scaled diagram, so eyeballing is not applicable in those cases.

Christopher Boo - 4 years, 1 month ago

This may not apply to most geometry problems, but it works in this case. When I zoomed out from the diagram it was clear that the larger part was blue. Precise calculations are often not required when you are given a multiple choice question.

LINDA CHERRY - 4 years, 1 month ago
J Muns
May 1, 2017

By sight, the shaded oval is a bit more than half the area of the square which is 1. So the only answer that is a bit more than 0.5 is (pi/2)-1.

Imagine if you are solving this problem without given options, how would you solve this problem?

Christopher Boo - 4 years, 1 month ago
Avianna Gay
Apr 25, 2017

The blue area is equal to 2× [Area of the quarter circle - (1/2) area of the square] =

= The area of a semi-circle - The area of the square

= [(1/2)π(1)^(2)]-(1*1)

= (π/2)-1

Therefore the answer is (π/2) - 1

To clarify, "(1/2) area of the square" comes from the right triangle with the diagonal of the square as its hypotenuse.

Christopher Boo - 4 years, 1 month ago
Hana Wehbi
Apr 10, 2017

The area of the quarter circle is π 4 \frac{\pi}{4} .

Thus the area of the part of the square - quarter of circle is = 1 π 4 1-\frac{\pi}{4} , since there are two of these areas,

then the unwanted area is 2 π 2 2-\frac{\pi}{2}\implies the area of the oval part is 1 ( 2 π 2 ) = π 2 1 1-(2-\frac{\pi}{2})=\frac{\pi}{2}-1

Himanshu Gupta
May 6, 2017

Firstly divide the oval region shaped into two halves then calculate the area of the triangle = 1/2(1)(1)=1/2 Then calculate the area of quadrant = (πr*2)/4 which is equal to = π/4 then Subtract the both area =(π/4 - 1/2 )
This is the area of 1/2 Oval shaped and multiplied by 2 == (π/2-1)

This is a nice way to look at the blue area, like a triangle removed from a quadrant.

Pranshu Gaba - 4 years, 1 month ago
Sean McCloskey
May 2, 2017

Technically, that shape is called a vesica piscis - or you could just say the football-shaped region if you want to use a more familiar term. Oval is not a well-defined term, so fine, call I guess you can call it an oval. But I don't think this shape matches the common usage of the term.

I didn't know that name. I learn something new!

It's too pointed at the end to truly be an oval.

Chung Kevin - 4 years, 1 month ago
Betty BellaItalia
Apr 24, 2017

Your solution is hard to understand. What is α \alpha in this context? What has been substituted?

Christopher Boo - 4 years, 1 month ago

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