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Geometry Level 3

A B D C ABDC is a rectangle and P P is a point on the straight line A B \overline{AB} . The lengths of A C \overline{AC} and A B \overline{AB} are 1 and 2 3 \dfrac{2}{\sqrt3} , respectively. Find the maximum value of θ \theta to the nearest integer.

Enter your answer in degrees.

Note : Image drawn not up to scale.


The answer is 60.

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2 solutions

Leonardo Joau
May 22, 2016

θ = α + β θ=α+β

t g θ = t g ( α + β ) = t g α + t g β 1 t g α t g β t g ( α + β ) = A P + P B 1 A P P B = 2 3 1 A P P B tgθ=tg(α+β)=\frac{tgα+tgβ}{1-tgα{\cdot}tgβ}{\implies}tg(α+β)=\frac{\overline{AP}+\overline{PB}}{1-\overline{AP}{\cdot}\overline{PB}}=\frac{\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}}{1-\overline{AP}{\cdot}\overline{PB}}

By the AM GM inequality:

a + b 2 a b \frac{a+b}{2}{\geq}\sqrt{ab}

we know that, to maximize the product A P P B \overline{AP}{\cdot}\overline{PB} , we must have A P = P B \overline{AP}=\overline{PB} .

Now it's easy to calculate θ θ :

t g θ = 2 3 1 ( 1 3 ) 2 = 3 θ = 60 º tgθ=\frac{\frac{2}{\sqrt{3}}}{1-(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}})^2}=\sqrt{3}{\implies}θ=60º

Plz explain what is am gm method

Himanshu Vyas - 5 years ago

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Check out the arithmetic mean - geometric mean wiki page.

Calvin Lin Staff - 5 years ago

An arithmetic mean of n positive reals is greater than or equal to their geometric mean (arithmetic mean - their sum divided by n; geometric mean - n-th root of their product)

Joseph Johannes - 5 years ago
Guillaume Crespin
May 22, 2016

Set x = A P x = AP and Q [ C D ] Q \in [CD] such as ( P Q ) / / ( A C ) (PQ)//(AC) .

Set θ 1 ( x ) = C P Q = arctan ( x ) \theta _1 (x)= \angle CPQ = \arctan (x) and θ 2 ( x ) = Q P D = arctan ( 2 3 x ) \theta _2 (x)= \angle QPD = \arctan (\frac{2}{\sqrt3} - x)

Then θ ( x ) = θ 1 ( x ) + θ 2 ( x ) = arctan ( x ) + arctan ( 2 3 x ) \theta (x) = \theta _1 (x) + \theta _2 (x) = \arctan (x) + \arctan (\frac{2}{\sqrt3} - x)

θ ( x ) = 2 ( 1 3 x ) ( 2 3 ) ( 1 + x 2 ) ( 1 + ( 2 3 x ) 2 ) \theta'(x)= \frac{2(\frac{1}{\sqrt3}-x)(\frac{2}{\sqrt3})}{(1+x^2)(1+(\frac{2}{\sqrt3}-x)^2)}

θ \theta is then maximum when x = 1 3 x = \frac{1}{\sqrt3}

Finally, θ m a x = θ ( 1 3 ) = 2 arctan ( 1 3 ) = 6 0 \boxed{\theta_{max} = \theta (\frac{1}{\sqrt3}) = 2 \arctan(\frac{1}{\sqrt3}) = 60 ^\circ }

PS : According to the figure, it is rectangle ABDC, not ABCD.

It does not necessarily imply that θ ( x ) \theta(x) is maximized when θ ( x ) = 0 \theta'(x) = 0 . You still need to show that it is true by applying the second derivative test .

Pi Han Goh - 5 years ago

Nice! It's correct. You can also solve this problem using AM and GM.

Leonardo Joau - 5 years ago

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