A geometry problem by Tushar Verma

Geometry Level 3

The five circles shown above have two direct common tangents. If r 1 = 8 r_1 = 8 cm, r 2 = 50 r_2 = 50 cm, find r 3 r_3 .


The answer is 20.

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5 solutions

Hassaan Ahmad
Oct 7, 2014

The geometric mean: sqrt(8 x 50} = sqrt(400) = 20 yay!

This might seem trivial, but could you elaborate as to how you got this result? It would really help a lot! Thank you.

B.S.Bharath Sai Guhan - 6 years, 8 months ago

How do you know the circles form a G.P.?

Gino Pagano - 6 years, 7 months ago
Adip Billah
Oct 7, 2014

There are 5 circles here.Let us consider the ratio between the radii is p.So we can write 50=8 p p p p,so p=1.58.So r3=8 P P=20

How do you know the circles form a G.P.?

Gino Pagano - 6 years, 7 months ago
Kevin Zhang
Feb 12, 2015

We can imagine that the circles are homothetic transformations onto each other, so they are all similar with a constant ratio, so the radius of the center circle is the geometric mean of that of the outside circles.

Antonio Fanari
Oct 7, 2014

{ r ( k ) } , k N { 0 } \{r(k)\},\,k ∈ ℕ ∪ \{0\}\, is a G.P.

r ( k + 1 ) r ( k ) = q , \,\frac {r(k+1)}{r(k)}= q,\,

q q\, constant ratio of the G.P.

r ( k + h ) r ( k ) = q h ; r ( 2 h ) r ( h ) = q h \frac {r(k+h)}{r(k)}= q^h;\,\frac {r(2h)}{r(h)}= q^h r ( 4 ) r ( 2 ) = q 2 ; r ( 2 ) r ( 0 ) = q 2 \frac {r(4)}{r(2)}= q^2;\,\frac {r(2)}{r(0)}= q^2 r ( 4 ) r ( 2 ) = r ( 2 ) r ( 0 ) ; r ( 2 ) = r ( 4 ) r ( 0 ) \frac {r(4)}{r(2)}=\frac {r(2)}{r(0)};\,r(2)=\sqrt {r(4)r(0)}

r ( 0 ) = r 2 = 50 , r 1 = r ( 4 ) = 8 , r 3 = r ( 2 ) , r(0)=r_2=50,\,r_1=r(4)=8,\,r_3=r(2), r 3 = r 1 r 2 = 400 = 20 r_3=\sqrt {{r_1}{r_2}}=\sqrt {400}=\boxed {20}

Aditya Pappula
Oct 7, 2014

as Hassan said, the radii are in GP..

How do you know the circles form a G.P.?

Gino Pagano - 6 years, 7 months ago

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