1 + 2 4 + 5 + 6 9 + 1 0 + 1 1 + 1 2 = = = 3 7 + 8 1 3 + 1 4 + 1 5
Given the pattern in the above 3 rows, find the last number on the RHS of the 8 0 th row.
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Lemma : n 2 is equal to the sum of the first ∣ n ∣ positive odd integers.
Proof : x 2 − y 2 = ( x + y ) ( x − y ) .
WLOG x > y .
If x − y = 1 , then x 2 − y 2 = 2 y + 1 .
Now we prove the statement using induction:
1 2 = 1
( n + 1 ) 2 = n 2 + 2 n + 1 .
Solution : As each row contains 2 more integers than the last, and the sequence begins with 3 integers in a row, the last number on the R H S of the n th row is equal to ( n + 1 ) 2 − 1 ) .
So the answer is 8 1 2 − 1 = 6 5 6 0 .
Its easy to note that the first number on the L H S of any row n is given by n 2
since the terms are consecutive the last term on the R H S of the n th row should be ( n + 1 ) 2 − 1
applying this we get last term on the 8 0 th row = 8 1 2 − 1 = 6 5 6 0
The last number in every row on the L H S makes a sequence 2 , 6 , 1 2 , 2 0 , . . . .
The last number of the 8 0 t h row on the L H S is
8 0 ( 8 0 + 1 ) = 8 0 × 8 1
= 6 4 8 0 .
On the 8 0 t h row, L H S has 8 1 terms, and R H S has 8 0 terms
The first number of the 8 0 t h on R H S is 6 4 8 1 .
Then, the last number of the 8 0 t h on R H S is 6 4 8 1 + 7 9 = 6 5 6 0 .
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Note that the number of terms in each row is in an Arithmetic Progression with a = 3 and d = 2 .
The last term of RHS of the n t h row is the sum of the first n terms of this AP.
We want the last term of RHS of the 8 0 t h row; which is; by using the formula for the sum of an AP;
2 8 0 ( ( 2 ) ( 3 ) + ( 7 9 ) ( 2 ) ) = 4 0 ∗ 1 6 4 = 6 5 6 0