These Are Not The Solutions You Are Looking For

Let all of the solutions of non-negative integers to the equation

2 x 2 + x = 3 y 2 + y 2x^{2}+x=3y^{2}+y

be ( x 1 , y 1 ) , ( x 2 , y 2 ) , . . . . (x_{1},y_{1}),(x_{2},y_{2}),.... , where x 1 + y 1 < x 2 + y 2 < . . . . . x_{1}+y_{1}<x_{2}+y_{2}<..... . Find the value of i = 1 4 ( x i + y i ) \sum_{i=1}^{4}(x_{i}+y_{i}) .

Image credit: InSapphoWeTrust 2012


The answer is 392080.

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1 solution

Discussions for this problem are now closed

Souryajit Roy
May 9, 2014

x 2 = ( x y ) ( 3 x + 3 y + 1 ) x^{2}=(x-y)(3x+3y+1) and y 2 = ( x y ) ( 2 x + 2 y + 1 ) y^{2}=(x-y)(2x+2y+1) .

Now, x y = g c d ( x 2 , y 2 = g c d ( x , y ) 2 x-y=gcd(x^{2},y^{2}=gcd(x,y)^{2} .Let g c d ( x , y ) = d gcd(x,y)=d .So x = d b x=db and y = d a y=da where g c d ( a , b ) = 1 gcd(a,b)=1

Also since 3 ( x + y ) + 1 ) 3(x+y)+1) and 2 ( x + y ) + 1 2(x+y)+1 are relatively prime, they must be perfect squares.

Again, d 2 b 2 = x 2 = ( x y ) ( 3 x + 3 y + 1 ) = d 2 ( 3 x + 3 y + 1 ) d^{2}b^{2}=x^{2}=(x-y)(3x+3y+1)=d^{2}(3x+3y+1) .So 3 x + 3 y = 1 = b 2 3x+3y=1=b^{2}

Similarly, 2 x + 2 y + 1 = a 2 2x+2y+1=a^{2} .

Now, d 2 = x y = d b d a d^{2}=x-y=db-da and hence d=b-a

3 a 2 2 b 2 = 1 3a^{2}-2b^{2}=1 and its solutions can be obtained from ( 3 + 2 ) 2 n + 1 = a n 3 + b n 2 (\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2})^{2n+1}=a_{n}\sqrt{3} +b_{n}\sqrt{2} Now, a n + 1 3 + b n + 1 2 = ( a n 3 + b n 2 ) ( 5 + 2 6 ) a_{n+1}\sqrt{3}+b_{n+1}\sqrt{2}=(a_{n}\sqrt{3}+b_{n}\sqrt{2})(5+2\sqrt{6})

We get a n + 1 = 5 a n + 4 b n , b n + 1 = 6 a n + 5 b n , a 1 = 1 , b 1 = 1 a_{n+1}=5a_{n}+4b_{n},b_{n+1}=6a_{n}+5b_{n},a_{1}=1,b_{1}=1

From this recurrence obtain the first 4 solutions and compute the sum.

It comes in the general form of Pell's equation right???

Eddie The Head - 7 years, 1 month ago

Indeed, the equation (and solution) basically show that

3 ( 4 x + 1 ) 2 2 ( 6 y + 1 ) 2 = 1 3 ( 4x+1)^2 - 2 ( 6y + 1) ^ 2 = 1

Calvin Lin Staff - 7 years, 1 month ago

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