What is the largest power of 3 that divides ( 1 0 0 2 0 0 ) ?
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First we have to find number of 3 in each number.
Number of 3 in 100! is ⌊ 3 1 0 0 ⌋ + ⌊ 9 1 0 0 ⌋ + ⌊ 2 7 1 0 0 ⌋ + ⌊ 5 1 1 0 0 ⌋ = 3 3 + 1 1 + 3 + 1 = 4 8
Number of 3 in 200! is ⌊ 3 2 0 0 ⌋ + ⌊ 9 2 0 0 ⌋ + ⌊ 2 7 2 0 0 ⌋ + ⌊ 8 1 2 0 0 ⌋ = 6 6 + 2 2 + 7 + 2 = 9 7
So, the number of 3 that left in this expression is 9 7 − 2 × 4 8 = 9 7 − 9 6 = 1
good solution ...thanx for providing the solution...:)
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( 1 0 0 2 0 0 ) = 1 0 0 ! ( 2 0 0 − 1 0 0 ) ! 2 0 0 ! = 1 0 0 ! ∗ 1 0 0 ! 2 0 0 ! = 1 0 0 ∗ 9 9 ∗ . . . ∗ 1 ∗ 1 0 0 ∗ 9 9 ∗ . . . ∗ 1 2 0 0 ∗ 1 9 9 ∗ . . . ∗ 1 0 0 ∗ 9 9 ∗ . . . 1 = 1 0 0 ∗ 9 9 ∗ . . . ∗ 1 2 0 0 ∗ 1 9 9 ∗ . . . ∗ 1 0 1
Now we can start counting the factors of 3 in the numerator and denominator and cancel them out.
Looking at the denominator we have 33 numbers that are divisible by 3 1 . ⌊ 3 1 0 0 ⌋ = 3 3
We use the same method for the numerator but now we subtract the factors in the range 1 ... 100.
⌊ 3 2 0 0 ⌋ − ⌊ 3 1 0 0 ⌋ = 3 3
Both the numerator and the denominator had 33 factors of 3 1 . We continue by looking at 3 2
Denominator: ⌊ 3 2 1 0 0 ⌋ = 1 1
Numerator: ⌊ 3 2 2 0 0 ⌋ − ⌊ 3 2 1 0 0 ⌋ = 1 1
Now 3 3
Denominator: ⌊ 3 3 1 0 0 ⌋ = 3
Numerator: ⌊ 3 3 2 0 0 ⌋ − ⌊ 3 3 1 0 0 ⌋ = 4
Aha! The numerator have 4 factors that are divisible by 3 3 while the denominator only had 3. This means that the whole expression is divisible by 3 1 .
However, we have to check 3 4 too before we can be certain.
Denominator: ⌊ 3 4 1 0 0 ⌋ = 1
Numerator: ⌊ 3 4 2 0 0 ⌋ − ⌊ 3 4 1 0 0 ⌋ = 1
3 5 is bigger than 200 so there is no need to check that. We can conclude that the numerator has one factor of 3 more than the denominator and thus the answer is 1.