A Pair Apart

There is a class consisting of 20 students. In how many different ways can these 20 students be split into 10 pairs?


The answer is 654729075.

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1 solution

Satyen Nabar
Sep 11, 2015

Imagine these 20 20 students lined up in a row. Now the first person in the row can be paired up with any of the other 19 19 students. That's 19 19 ways. For each of these ways, look at the first person left in the row who has not yet been partnered up. That student has 17 ways to partner someone. So the first two pairings can be done in 19 17 19*17 ways. For each of these ways, the first student in the row who doesn't have a partner can be paired up in 15 ways and so on. So thats 19 17 15 13 11 9 7 5 3 1 = 654729075 19*17*15*13*11*9*7*5*3*1=654729075 ways.

Another way of solving. We can select a pair in 20 C 2 20C2 ways. Then the next pair in 18 C 2 18C2 ways, and the next in 16 C 2 16C2 ways. and so on on till 2 C 2 2C2 . That's 20 C 2 18 C 2 16 C 2 . . . . . . . 2 C 2 20C2*18C2*16C2*.......*2C2 . However we are over-counting because we aren't interested in the order in which we picked the pairs. So we must divide by by the number of orderings in which you could have picked any set of ten pairs, and that's the number of permutations of ten objects, which is 10!

It's the double factorial, 19 ! ! 19!!

Otto Bretscher - 5 years, 9 months ago

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