Let be complex numbers satisfying the system of equations above. What is the value of ?
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First of all, we have:
( a b c ) 2 = ( a + b + c ) 2 = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2 ( a b + b c + c a ) = 3
hence a b c = a + b + c = ± 3 . Applying Vieta, we see that a , b and c are the roots of the polynomial
z 3 − ( a + b + c ) z 2 + ( a b + b c + c a ) z − ( a b c ) = z 2 ∓ z 2 3 + z ∓ 3
= ( z 2 + 1 ) ( z ∓ 3 ) = ( z + i ) ( z − i ) ( z ∓ 3 ) .
Therefore, a , b , c are equal to i , − i and either 3 or − 3 . In any case, we obtain:
∣ a ∣ 2 + ∣ b ∣ 2 + ∣ c ∣ 2 = 1 2 + 1 2 + 3 2 = 5 .