A problem on a simple result

Geometry Level 1

A circle is inscribed in a quadrilateral, as shown above. The two blue sides have lengths 17 and 13, respectively. What is the sum of the lengths of the other two red sides?

26 30 34 38

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4 solutions

Relevant wiki: Pitot's Theorem

A quadrilateral has an inscribed circle (that is, a circle tangent to each of its sides) if and only if the sums of the lengths of the \text{A quadrilateral has an inscribed circle (that is, a circle tangent to each of its sides) if and only if the sums of the lengths of the} two pairs of opposite sides are equal. In the above problem, the circle is inscribed in the quadrilateral if and only if the sum \text{two pairs of opposite sides are equal. In the above problem, the circle is inscribed in the quadrilateral if and only if the sum} of the lengths of the \text{of the lengths of the} b l u e s i d e s \color{#3D99F6}blue~sides is equal to the sum of the lengths of the \text{is equal to the sum of the lengths of the} r e d s i d e s \color{#D61F06}red~sides . Therefore, the sum of the lengths of the \text{Therefore, the sum of the lengths of the} r e d s i d e s \color{#D61F06}red~sides is \text{is} 17 + 13 = \large17+13= 30 \large \boxed{30} .

Proof: Since the tangents to the circle from an external point have the same length, then \text{Since the tangents to the circle from an external point have the same length, then}

A P = A Q , P B = B S , S C = C R AP=AQ, PB=BS, SC=CR and R D = Q D RD=QD .

such that \text{such that}

A B + C D \color{#3D99F6}AB+CD = A P + P B + C R + R D =AP+PB+CR+RD

A B + C D \color{#3D99F6}AB+CD = A Q + B S + S C + Q D =AQ+BS+SC+QD

A B + C D \color{#3D99F6}AB+CD = ( A Q + Q D ) + ( B S + S C ) =(AQ+QD)+(BS+SC)

A B + C D \color{#3D99F6}AB+CD = = A D + B C \color{#D61F06}AD+BC

Moderator note:

The general theorem here has a name: Pitot's Theorem .

In 3rd line there is a problem it is not DS it is BS thank you...

tridip kundu - 3 years, 11 months ago

Regarding the phrasing of the multiple-choice answers: Since all of the choices were integers, it was immediately obvious that the solution was 30 and that there must be a theorem such as Pitot's. If the quadrilateral is a square, then the solution is obvious. But with the arbitrary and nonspecified conditions in your figure (except for the given sum of the two side lengths), the other side lengths, or their sum, are incalculable except in terms of a theorem like Pitot's. Since all the choices were not only exact but integers, none of them could be deduced except in light of such a theorem.

Howard Ritter - 3 years, 11 months ago
Áron Bán-Szabó
Jun 10, 2017

Since A F , F B , B G , G C , C H , H D , D E , A E AF, FB, BG, GC, CH, HD, DE, AE line segents are tangential, A F = A E , B F = B G AF=AE, BF=BG , C G = C H CG=CH , D H = D E DH=DE . So A D + B C = A E + E D + B G + G C = A F + B F + C H + D H = A B + C D = 30 AD+BC=AE+ED+BG+GC=AF+BF+CH+DH=AB+CD=\boxed{30} .

Perfect! Can you just add a final statement saying generally speaking AB+CD=AD+BC.

Sathvik Acharya - 4 years ago

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The result actually has a name: Pitot's Theorem .

Steven Yuan - 4 years ago

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Thank you buddy! I did know of the theorem but did not know a brilliant wiki existed :)

Sathvik Acharya - 3 years, 12 months ago

Wow, this is a brilliant way to visualize it!

Agnishom Chattopadhyay - 3 years, 11 months ago

Great picture!

Richard Desper - 3 years, 11 months ago
Will U Ain't
Jun 19, 2017

Pitot thereom says that in a tangential quadrilateral a pair of opposite sides equal the same length as the sum of the other pair of opposite sides. So 17+13=30 thus the sum of the other pair is 30.

Akshay Gupta
Jun 25, 2017

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