Andrew has two children, David and Helen. The sum of their three ages is 49. David's age is 3 times that of Helen. In 5 years time, Andrew's age will be 3 times David's age. What is the product of their ages now?
Note: When solving, mind that Andrew is the parent and a parent can't have the same age as the children :)
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Let's assume that the present ages of Andrew, David and Helen are a , d and h respectively. So,
a + d + h = 4 9 . . . . . . . . ( 1 )
d = 3 h . . . . . . . . ( 2 )
a + 5 = 3 ( d + 5 ) . . . . . . ( 3 ) .
Now substituting d = 3 h in ( 1 ) :
a + 3 h + h = 4 9 ⟹ a = 4 9 − 4 h .
Substituting a = 4 9 − 4 h and d = 3 h in ( 3 ) :
4 9 − 4 h + 5 ⇒ 5 4 ⇒ 1 3 h ⟹ h = 3 ( 3 h + 5 ) = 9 h + 1 5 + 4 h = 3 9 = 3
Substituting h = 3 in ( 2 ) :
d = 3 × 3 ⟹ d = 9 .
Finally, substituting d = 9 and h = 3 in ( 1 ) :
a + 9 + 3 = 4 9 ⟹ a = 3 7
Hence a d h = 3 7 × 9 × 3 = 9 9 9