S = 3 × 4 2 + 3 × 5 × 6 2 × 4 + 3 × 5 × 7 × 8 2 × 4 × 6 + …
If S can be expressed as B π A − D C where A , B , C , D are positive integers with C and D as coprime positive integers, evaluate A × B × C × D .
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Can you mention from which problem you got inspired? Is it this - Combinatorial Summation ?
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yeah! i'll mention it
I have a different solution, actually not much different.
It is for those who don't know that s i n − 1 ( x ) 2 series(including me).
So,
T = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( 2 n + 1 ) ! ! ( 2 n + 2 ) ( 2 n ) ! ! is our problem
Let
S ( x ) = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( 2 n + 1 ) ! ! ( 2 n ) ! ! x n
S ( x ) = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( 2 n + 1 ) ! 2 2 n n ! 2 x n
S ( x ) = n = 1 ∑ ∞ Γ ( 2 n + 1 ) Γ ( n + 1 ) Γ ( n + 1 ) 4 x n
Beta function, aha?
S ( x ) = n = 1 ∑ ∞ B ( n , n ) 4 x n
S ( x ) = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ∫ 0 1 t n ( 1 − t ) n d t 4 x n
S ( x ) = ∫ 0 1 1 − 4 x t ( 1 − t ) 4 x t ( 1 − t ) d t
S ( x ) = ∫ 0 1 4 x t 2 − 4 x t + 1 d t − 1
S ( x ) = x − x 2 t a n − 1 ( x − x 2 x ) − 1 [I'd not be giving details how to solve that integral. Probably that's what they say "Left as an exercise for the reader!"]
2 T = ∫ 0 1 S ( x ) d x , Right?
T = 2 1 ∫ 0 1 x − x 2 tan − 1 ( x − x 2 x ) − 1 d x
T = 2 1 ∫ 0 1 x − x 2 tan − 1 ( x − x 2 x ) d x − 2 1
Well, as I am lazy enough to not provide a solution to this integral as well, it is again left as an exercise for the reader :P(so many exercises! Well, I may give solutions later if required but these are elementary, I think exercise would be fine.)
Computation shows that it evaluates to
T = 8 π 2 − 2 1
Probably that may be seen as a proof of the series Tanishq has given.
Brilliantly done
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If u have a different solution to it, plz do post.
As mentioned that this problem is inspired by @Satyajit Mohanty
( arcsin x ) 2 = n = 0 ∑ ∞ ( 2 n + 1 ) ! ( n + 1 ) 2 2 n ( n ! ) 2 x 2 n + 2 ................... ( ∗ )
The given series n t h term is
Note that . means ×
T n = 3 . 5 . 7 . . . . ( 2 n + 1 ) ( 2 n + 2 ) 2 . 4 . 6 . . . . . . . . 2 n
n = 1 ∑ ∞ T n = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( 2 n + 2 ) ! 2 2 n ( n ! ) 2
On rearranging ( ∗ ) and replacing x by 1 )
2 1 ( arcsin 1 ) 2 = n = 0 ∑ ∞ ( 2 n + 2 ) ! 2 2 n ( n ! ) 2
2 1 ( arcsin 1 ) 2 = 2 1 + n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( 2 n + 2 ) ! 2 2 n ( n ! ) 2
Thus
n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( 2 n + 2 ) ! 2 2 n ( n ! ) 2 = 8 π 2 − 2 1