A "Simple" AMC 10 Logic Problem

Logic Level 3

On an upcoming exam, any students who correctly answer all the questions will receive an A.

Which of the four statements to the right will always be true?

None of the statements are always true If Lewis received an A, then he got all of the questions right More than one, but not all of the statements are always true If Lewis received an A, then he got at least one of the questions right All the statements are always true If Lewis got at least one of the multiple choice questions wrong, then he did not receive an A If Lewis did not receive an A, then he got at least one question wrong

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3 solutions

Johanan Paul
Oct 14, 2018

Let Q Q = answers all questions, A A = gets an A.
The only information that we know is Q A Q \implies A

If Lewis got an A, then he got at least one question true.

If Lewis received and A, then he got all the questions right.

A Q A \implies Q Not always true. (Affirming the consequent fallacy)

If Lewis got at least one of the multiple questions wrong, then he did not receive an A

¬ Q ¬ A \neg Q \implies \neg A Not always true. (Denying the antecedent fallacy)

If Lewis did not receive an A, then he got at least one question wrong.

¬ A ¬ Q \neg A \implies \neg Q This is always true based on the information we know. (Contraposition of the original statement)

The truth of the remaining statements can be figured out by counting which of the statements are true. ( More than one but not all the statements are always true could also be true, but it's not always true.)

Parth Sankhe
Oct 9, 2018

The statement just says that IF you get all questions right, you will receive an A. This does NOT imply that :- all the students who got an A got all questions correct ; if you get a question wrong you won't get an A.You can get an A by even getting zero questions right, but if you didnt receive an A, you got at least one question wrong.

But if you don't answer any question, you can't have an A but you won't have any question wrong, right ?

Jean Guiheneuf - 2 years, 8 months ago

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You CAN have an A if you don't answer any question, because that doesn't counteract the original statement

Jesse Li - 2 years, 8 months ago

No, i guess it is assumed that all the questions have been attempted.

Parth Sankhe - 2 years, 8 months ago

Imagine that the test is rigged so that all students get an A no matter what they do. This allows you to conclude the last three statements cannot always be true. The first statement is the contrapositive of the given statement and therefore true if the given statement is true.

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