A simple Steiner's ellipse

Geometry Level pending

Given three points in the Cartesian plane: A ( a , 0 ) , B ( a , 0 ) , C ( 0 , h ) A( -a , 0), B( a, 0), C(0, h) . Find the ellipse of minimum area passing through these three points. If a = 4 , h = 12 a = 4 , h = 12 , report the y y -coordinate of its center.


The answer is 4.

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1 solution

David Vreken
Jan 22, 2021

Consider an equilateral triangle with two of its vertices at A ( a , 0 ) A(-a, 0) and B ( a , 0 ) B(a, 0) , its top vertex at C C , and its center at D D . By the properties of an equilateral triangle, the center will be 1 3 \frac{1}{3} of the way up the height.

Now stretch the equilateral triangle and its circumcircle so that C C moves to C ( 0 , h ) C'(0, h) . The stretched circumcircle is now the Steiner ellipse (the ellipse of minimum area passing through the vertices of A B C \triangle ABC ), and its new center will still be 1 3 \frac{1}{3} of the way up its height at D ( 0 , 1 3 h ) D'(0, \frac{1}{3}h) .

Therefore, when h = 12 h = 12 , the y y -coordinate of the ellipse's center is 1 3 h = 1 3 12 = 4 \frac{1}{3}h = \frac{1}{3}\cdot 12 = \boxed{4} .

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