A 100-gram cylindrical glass is attached to a string that hangs from the ceiling. Then the glass which has a cross-sectional radius of 4 cm and a height of 15 cm is slowly filled with water. If the string breaks when the glass is full, what is the maximum tension in Newtons that the string can support?
Details and Assumptions:
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While the glass is suspended by the string and stationary the net force is zero. Therefore the string tension is equal in magnitude to the gravitational force. The gravitational force is F g = ( m w + m g ) g . The mass m w of the water is ρ V w where ρ is the density in k g / m 3 if we use SI units. The volume of water is just π r 2 h = π × 0 . 0 4 2 × 0 . 1 = 0 . 0 0 0 5 m 3 . The mass of the water is therefore 1 0 0 0 × 0 . 0 0 0 5 = 0 . 5 k g . The total gravitational force when the string breaks is therefore ( 0 . 5 + 0 . 1 ) 9 . 8 = 5 . 8 8 N , which is also the maximum tension.