A freely running motor rests on a thick rubber pad to reduce vibration. The motor sinks h = 1 0 cm into the pad. Estimate the rotational speed in RPM (revolutions per minute) at which the motor will exhibit the largest vertical vibration.
Details and assumptions
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We will have the maximum vertical oscillations when the motor and the pad will be in resonance condition The resonant frequency of a spring and mass system is m k s e c o n d r a d
Also we have mg = kh hence m k =98 m r a d Implies Rotational Speed 2 p i 6 0 9 8 m i n r e v o l u t i o n s = 94.53 m i n r e v o l u t i o n s
Please refer to the diagram above. In a spring mass system we have Kx=mg . Therefore, K/m=g/x. where K= the elastic co-efficient of the rubber pad. m=mass of the motor. g= The gravitational acceleration=9.8m./ sec2. x=10 cm. =0.1 m. The natural frequency of the system is ω=sqrt (K/m)=sqrt(g/x). the motor will exhibit the largest vertical vibration at resonance F= ω/(2 pi)= sqrt (K/m)/(2 pi) =sqrt(g/x)/(2 pi) =sqrt(9.8/0.1)/(2 3.14) rev. per sec. =sqrt(9.8/0.1) 60/(2 3.14) RPM.=94.53 RPM.
Let the elastic coefficient of the rubber pad be k . Then k x = m g , where m is the mass of the motor. When x = 0 . 1 m , the natural frequency of the system is:
f n = 2 π 1 ω n = 2 π 1 k / m = 2 π 1 g / x = 1 . 5 8 Hz
The motor will exhibit the largest vertical vibration when we have resonance, so the rotation frequency of the motor must also be equal to f n , which means the rotation speed is 6 0 × f n = 9 4 . 5 3 RPM .
Rotation per minute:1/2 phi 60
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Consider the system that consist of mass and spring.When system doesn't move it reachs equilibrium states,so that equation of motion is k \times h = m \times g then we obtain the ratio of \frac {k}{m} which is equal to: \frac {g}{h}...(1) where h is the compression of the spring Now from oscillatory motion of the spring-mass system we obtain: f = \frac {1}{2pi} \sqrt \frac {k}{m} ...(2) From equation (1) to (2) we obtain: f=\frac {1}{2pi} \sqrt \frac {g}{h} ...(3) and the unit system of this equation is revolution per second so we need to change second to minute so that equation (3) becomes f=\frac {60}{2pi} \sqrt \frac {g}{h} by substitute the value of g and h we get the rpm is 94.533