A strange equation VI

Algebra Level 4

If one root of the equation x 4 4 x 3 16 x 2 8 x + 4 = 0 x^4-4x^3-16x^2-8x+4=0 can be expressed as a + b + c + d a+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{d} where b b , c c and d d are square-free numbers, then find a + b c d a+bcd .


The answer is 37.

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2 solutions

Joel Tan
Sep 12, 2014

Let a = x + 2 x a=x+\frac {2}{x}

Note that since x x is not 0, a a is defined for all roots. Also, the equation is equivalent to the following: a 2 4 a 20 = 0 a^{2}-4a-20=0 . To see this we divide the original equation by x 2 x^{2} and add 4 4 on both sides to get \[ \begin{array}{} & x^{2}-4x-16+4-\frac {8}{x}+\frac {4}{x^{2}} \\ & =x^{2}+4+\frac {4}{x^{2}}-4 (x+\frac {2}{x})-16 \\ & =a^{2}-4a-16 \\ & =4. \end{array}\] The quadratic equation a 2 4 a 20 = 0 a^{2}-4a-20=0 follows.

Now we solve it using the quadratic formula to get a = 2 + 2 6 , 2 2 6 a=2+2\sqrt {6}, 2-2\sqrt {6} . From a = x + 2 x a=x+\frac {2}{x} we get two quadratic equations in the form x 2 a x + 2 = 0 x^{2}-ax+2=0 . Solving them, we have x = 1 + 6 ± ( 2 + 3 ) , 1 6 ± ( 2 3 ) x=1+\sqrt {6} \pm (\sqrt {2}+\sqrt {3}), 1-\sqrt {6} \pm (\sqrt {2}-\sqrt {3}) . Only 1 + 6 + 2 + 3 1+\sqrt {6}+\sqrt {2}+\sqrt{3} is in the required form. Hence the answer is 1 + 2 × 3 × 6 = 37 1+2×3×6=37

x + 1 x x + \dfrac{1}{x} a wonderful form

U Z - 6 years, 5 months ago

We can take x-a=√ b+√ c+√d then square it both side.then we get b, c,d as root free. After that takingb+c+d on the rootless side. Squaring again we get the eqn given in the question basically. Now equalising the coefficients of x, x^2,x^3 we get a=1 √bcd=6. Hence a+BCD=37

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