Given a sphere of radius , centered at the origin, and a point inside it, calculate the surface integral,
Here is the position vector of a point on the surface of the sphere.
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Problem solved in spherical coordinates. Simplifications are tedious.
Problem treated in spherical coordinates:
x = R sin θ cos ϕ y = R sin θ sin ϕ z = R cos θ
r = ⎣ ⎡ x y z ⎦ ⎤ ; r o = ⎣ ⎡ 0 1 2 ⎦ ⎤
The expression:
I = ( r − r o ) T ( r − r o ) = 2 5 cos ( ϕ ) 2 sin ( θ ) 2 + ( 5 sin ( ϕ ) sin ( θ ) − 1 ) 2 + ( 5 cos ( θ ) − 2 ) 2
This is a scalar function. The surface integral is:
∫ 0 2 π ∫ 0 π I ( R 2 sin θ d θ d ϕ ) = ∫ 0 2 π ∫ 0 π 2 5 sin ( θ ) ( 2 5 cos ( ϕ ) 2 sin ( θ ) 2 + ( 5 sin ( ϕ ) sin ( θ ) − 1 ) 2 + ( 5 cos ( θ ) − 2 ) 2 ) d θ d ϕ
Further simplifications left out as each term is expanded and the integral is split further as limits of integration are constant. The integral evaluates to 3 0 0 0 π . The answer is, therefore, 7 5 0 .