Let ϕ ( n ) be the Euler's totient function . What is ϕ ( 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) ϕ ( 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) ?
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We have to solve for: ϕ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ϕ 7 0 0 0 0 0 0
Using the formula for ϕ ( n ) we can expand it: = ( 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) ( 1 − 2 1 ) ( 1 − 5 1 ) ( 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) ( 1 − 2 1 ) ( 1 − 5 1 ) ( 1 − 7 1 )
After simplifying:
= ( 7 ) ( 1 − 7 1 ) = 7 × 7 6 = 6
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ϕ ( 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) ϕ ( 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) = ϕ ( 7 ) = 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ⇒ 6 1 is a factor of every natural number.
ϕ ( ⋅ ) is multiplicative, so: ϕ ( 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) ϕ ( 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) = ϕ ( 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) = ϕ ( 7 ) = 7 ( 1 − 7 1 ) = 7 × 7 6 = 6
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Relevant wiki: Euler's Totient Function
Since 7 and 1000000 are coprime, ϕ ( 7 ) ϕ ( 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) = ϕ ( 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) .
So, ϕ ( 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) ϕ ( 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 ) = ϕ ( 7 ) .
And, since 7 is prime, ϕ ( 7 ) = 7 − 1 = 6 .