a n + 1 = a n + 4 n a_{n+1}=a_n + 4n

Calculus Level 2

The sequence { a n } \{a_n\} satisfies a 1 = 5 a_1 = 5 and a n + 1 = a n + 4 n for n 1. a_{n+1}=a_n + 4n \text{ for } n \geq 1. What is the value of a 18 a_{18} ?

613 615 611 617

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2 solutions

Anish Puthuraya
Mar 9, 2014

a n + 1 a n = 4 n a_{n+1}-a_n = 4n

This is a telescoping series...
a 2 a 1 = 4 ( 1 ) a_2-a_1=4(1)
a 3 a 2 = 4 ( 2 ) a_3-a_2=4(2) \vdots a 18 a 17 = 4 ( 17 ) a_{18}-a_{17}=4(17)

Adding all these equations,
a 18 a 1 = 4 ( 1 + 2 + 3 + + 17 ) a_{18}-a_1 = 4(1+2+3+\ldots+17)

a 18 = a 1 + 4 ( 17 ( 17 + 1 ) 2 ) = 5 + 2 × 17 × 18 = 5 + 612 = 617 a_{18} = a_1 + 4\left(\frac{17(17+1)}{2}\right) = 5 + 2\times 17\times 18 = 5+612 = \boxed{617}

How to start this type of question

KIRAN kumar - 7 years ago
Shikhar Jaiswal
Mar 10, 2014

On close observation..the series telescopes and can be expressed as

a n + 1 i = a 1 + 4 × i = 1 n i n a_{n+1-i}=a_{1}+4\times\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^{n-i}n

Now substituting n = 17 i = 0 n=17 i=0

a 18 = a 1 + 4 ( 17 ( 17 + 1 ) 2 ) a_{18}=a_{1}+4(\frac {17(17+1)}{2}) a 18 = 617 \Rightarrow \boxed{a_{18}=617}

Sorry!.. I Forgot the space between 17 and i i in line 3

Shikhar Jaiswal - 7 years, 3 months ago

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