The sequence { a n } satisfies a 1 = 5 and a n + 1 = a n + 4 n for n ≥ 1 . What is the value of a 1 8 ?
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On close observation..the series telescopes and can be expressed as
a n + 1 − i = a 1 + 4 × i = 1 ∑ n − i n
Now substituting n = 1 7 i = 0
a 1 8 = a 1 + 4 ( 2 1 7 ( 1 7 + 1 ) ) ⇒ a 1 8 = 6 1 7
Sorry!.. I Forgot the space between 17 and i in line 3
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a n + 1 − a n = 4 n
This is a telescoping series...
a 2 − a 1 = 4 ( 1 )
a 3 − a 2 = 4 ( 2 ) ⋮ a 1 8 − a 1 7 = 4 ( 1 7 )
Adding all these equations,
a 1 8 − a 1 = 4 ( 1 + 2 + 3 + … + 1 7 )
a 1 8 = a 1 + 4 ( 2 1 7 ( 1 7 + 1 ) ) = 5 + 2 × 1 7 × 1 8 = 5 + 6 1 2 = 6 1 7