ABC, the non-degenerate triangle

Geometry Level pending

A B C ABC is a non-degenerate triangle such that 2 sin B cos C + sin C = sin A + sin B 2\sin \angle B \cdot \cos \angle C + \sin \angle C = \sin \angle A + \sin \angle B , what is the value of 100 A C A B \lfloor 100 \frac {AC}{AB} \rfloor ?


The answer is 100.

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1 solution

Calvin Lin Staff
May 13, 2014

Let R R be the radius of the circumcircle of triangle A B C ABC and B C = a BC=a , A C = b AC=b , A B = c AB=c , then by the extended sine rule, we have sin A = a 2 R \sin \angle A = \frac{a}{2R} , sin B = b 2 R \sin \angle B = \frac{b}{2R} and sin C = c 2 R \sin C = \frac{c}{2R} . Substituting this into the given equation, we have

2 sin B cos C + sin C = sin A + sin B 2 b 2 R cos C + c 2 R = a 2 R + b 2 R cos C = a + b c 2 b \begin{aligned} 2\sin \angle B \cdot \cos \angle C + \sin \angle C &= \sin A + \sin B \\ 2\cdot \frac{b}{2R} \cdot \cos \angle C + \frac{c}{2R} &= \frac{a}{2R} + \frac{b}{2R} \\ \cos \angle C &= \frac{a + b-c}{2b} \\ \end{aligned}

From the cosine rule, we have cos C = a 2 + b 2 c 2 2 a b \cos \angle C = \frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab} .

Equating the two we have

a + b c 2 b = a 2 + b 2 c 2 2 a b a 2 + a b a c = a 2 + b 2 c 2 0 = b 2 c 2 a b + a c = ( b + c a ) ( b c ) \begin{aligned} \frac{a + b-c}{2b} &= \frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab} \\ a^2 + ab - ac &= a^2 + b^2 - c^2 \\ 0 &= b^2-c^2 - ab + ac \\ &= (b+c-a)(b-c) \\ \end{aligned}

By the triangle inequality, we have b + c > a b + c > a for non-degenerate triangles, thus b = c b=c is the only possible solution. Hence 100 A C A B = 100 b c = 100 100\frac{AC}{AB} = 100\frac{b}{c} = 100 .

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