In classical mechanics, usually in Lagragian and Hamilton formalisms, one needs to deal with a special kind of transformation called "Canonical Transformation" and inside this, there is still a very specific type of change of variable called "Action-angle variable" which makes it clear whether or not our system is integrable. One example of integration involved in the transformation is as follow,
Find the value of this integral when and .
Bonus:Try to evaluate this integral for arbitrary upper and lower limits.
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