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Algebra Level 3

If the sum of two numbers is 7, then what is greatest product of these two numbers?

8 \infty 12 10 None of the others 6

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2 solutions

Chew-Seong Cheong
Sep 25, 2017

Let the two number be a a and b b . Then, we have:

a + b = 7 b = 7 a a b = a ( 7 a ) = 7 a a 2 = ( a 2 7 a + 49 4 ) + 49 4 = 49 4 ( x 7 2 ) 2 Note that ( x 7 2 ) 2 0 a b 49 4 \begin{aligned} a+b & = 7 \implies b = 7-a \\ \implies ab & = a(7-a) \\ & = 7a - a^2 \\ & = - \left(a^2 - 7a + \frac {49}4\right) + \frac {49}4 \\ & = \frac {49}4 - \color{#3D99F6} \left(x- \frac 72 \right)^2 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Note that }\left(x- \frac 72 \right)^2 \ge 0 \\ \implies ab & \le \frac {49}4 \end{aligned}

Therefore, the answer is " None of the others ".

Equality when a=b =3.5

Arnav kumar Sinha - 1 year, 9 months ago
Rab Gani
Nov 24, 2018

Using AM-GM inequality :x + y ≥ 2√xy , 7≥ 2√xy, 49/4 ≥ xy, so max.(xy) = 49/4

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