Additive Subtraction

Two ideal AC current sources are connected in parallel to feed a resistive load. The two currents have the same magnitude, and they are out of phase by θ \theta degrees.

If the load current magnitude is 80 % 80 \% as large as that of either source, determine θ \theta . Enter your answer as a positive number in the range ( 0 , 180 ) (0,180) , to the nearest whole degree.


The answer is 133.

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2 solutions

Guilherme Niedu
Jun 26, 2018

1 + e j θ = 0.8 \large \displaystyle | 1 + e^{j \theta} | = 0.8

1 + cos ( θ ) + j sin ( θ ) = 0.8 \large \displaystyle |1 + \cos(\theta) + j \sin(\theta) | = 0.8

[ 1 + cos ( θ ) ] 2 + [ sin 2 ( θ ) ] = 0.64 \large \displaystyle [1 + \cos(\theta)]^2 + [\sin^2(\theta)] = 0.64

cos ( θ ) = 0.68 \large \displaystyle \cos(\theta) = -0.68

θ 13 3 o \color{#3D99F6} \boxed{ \large \displaystyle \theta \approx 133^o }

Max Yuen
May 7, 2019

I suppose the starting angle is irrelevant, so we can use two phasors for the current with e j θ 2 e^{j\frac{\theta}{2}} and e j θ 2 e^{-j\frac{\theta}{2}} amps. (I picked R = 1 ohm for easy math without loss of generality.)

The currents sum together in the resistor, which gives a total current with magnitude e j θ 2 + e j θ 2 = 2 cos θ 2 |e^{j\frac{\theta}{2}}+e^{-j\frac{\theta}{2}}|=2\cos{\frac{\theta}{2}} .

Setting this to equal to 0.8 amps and solving for θ \theta gives θ = 2 arccos 0.8 2 = 13 3 o \theta = 2\arccos{\frac{0.8}{2}}=133^o

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